2012
DOI: 10.1002/smll.201201784
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Novel Three‐Dimensional Nanoporous Alumina as a Template for Hierarchical TiO2 Nanotube Arrays

Abstract: Hierarchical micro-/nano-structures made easy. By using extremely rough, chemically etched microstructured aluminium foils, anodization in phosphoric acid under very harsh conditions, e.g., 10 wt% phosphoric acid and room temperature, can be repeatedly accomplished without suffering from breakdown. As a result, an alumina membrane with a three-dimensionally distributed nanopore structure is formed, which can be used as a general template to fabricate hierarchical micro-/nano-structures.

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Cited by 43 publications
(31 citation statements)
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References 37 publications
(42 reference statements)
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“…The chemical etching with FHH solution led to the creation of pits that, given the crystalline structure of aluminum, are distributed hierarchically in cubic forms forming numerous micro and sub‐micrometric plateaus, interconnected and evenly distributed over the whole surface of the substrate. In agreement with previous works, this kind of microstructure is typical of aluminum surfaces obtained in processes involving etching with HCl …”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 92%
“…The chemical etching with FHH solution led to the creation of pits that, given the crystalline structure of aluminum, are distributed hierarchically in cubic forms forming numerous micro and sub‐micrometric plateaus, interconnected and evenly distributed over the whole surface of the substrate. In agreement with previous works, this kind of microstructure is typical of aluminum surfaces obtained in processes involving etching with HCl …”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 92%
“…In this study, more simple chemical etching has been used. 30 Fig . 1 shows scanning electron micrographs of the aluminium surfaces after chemical etching in the solutions containing 0.2 mol dm −3 CuCl 2 and several concentrations of HCl.…”
Section: Surface Geometrymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Finally, Li and coworkers [54,55] report a very accurate control of the tapered pore profile to establish the necessary conditions of voltage variations, acid mixtures in the electrolyte and intermediate pore widening steps. More recently, ex situ pore 3D nanoengineering was obtained by microstructuring the aluminum previous to anodization, both by chemical etching in CuCl 2 /HCl [56,57] or by a previous lithographic step [46]. In our group, we studied how the change in a given parameter (anodization voltage, electrolyte composition or concentration) influences the pore architecture in depth, and we established rules for the realization of the desired nanostructure.…”
Section: Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Pore Engineeringmentioning
confidence: 99%