Novel versatile topologies and design optimization of wide-bandstop frequency selective surfaces for X-band, Ku-band and millimeter-wave applications

Abstract

Novel designs of frequency selective surface (FSS) are presented for wideband applications in X, Ku and mmWave (millimeter Wave) bands. Two identical metallic layers of FSS are imprinted on both sides of the RO4003 substrate. The geometry parameters are optimized to maximize the bandstop at the specified in-band maximum transmission level of −10 dB; satisfaction of the latter condition is enforced through appropriate formulation and handling of the design constraints. The proposed structure is versatile and can be readily re-designed for various operating bands. For the sake of illustration, two instances of the FSS were developed. Design 1 exhibits broad bandstop of 9.8 GHz at the X- and Ku-bands, whereas the bandstop of Design 2 is 33.5 GHz at the mmWave band. The two FSS unit cell designs share the same base topology, but specific dimensions are adjusted to operate within the lower and the higher bands, respectively. The unit cell is symmetrical, therefore, ensures an excellent resonance stability performance with respect to different polarizations (TE and TM) and incidence angles. For proof of concept only FSS Design 1 is fabricated and measured in an anechoic chamber. The simulated and measured results exhibit good agreement. Extensive benchmarking against state-of-the-art FSS designs from the literature corroborates the advantages of the proposed topology in terms of design novelty, topological versatility, compact size, and wide bandstop response as compared to the previously available designs.

Multi-functional metasurface as a transmissive/reflective FSS and an on-air frequency mixer

“… Operating Freq. (in GHz) Type Mode Description 3 6.81–18.97 22.28–55.78 Passive Transmissive Wide-bandstop FSS resonating at X-band, Ku-band and millimeter-wave applications 5 4.8–11.1 Passive Reflective Ultra-broadband thin FSS based radar absorber 6 2.5 and 5.45 Passive Reflective Ultra-miniaturised Polarisation Selective Surface (PSS) for dual-band Wi-Fi and WLAN shielding applications 9 9.2 Active Transmissive Dynamic control of asymmetric EM wave transmission 10 8.61 and 11.33 Re-configurable Reflective + Transmissive Multi-functional re-configurable FSS 13 10 Re-configurable Reflective + Transmissive Tuneable and broadband absorber using a switchable transmissive/reflective FSS 14 2.5 Re-configurable Reflective + Transmissive Broadband Polarization-Insensitive Tunable FSS for Wideband Shielding 25 10 Active Reflective Analysis of a free-space N-path-modulated metasurface 26 2.3, 3.3, and 5 Active ...…”

“…A comparison of the developed multi-functional metasurface with recent literature is presented in Table 1. The studies referenced in 3,9,[25][26][27][28][29][30] present active/passive metasurfaces where 3,9,26,27 operate solely in transmissive mode whereas those in 25,[28][29][30] function exclusively in reflective mode. The studies in 10,13,14 present re-configurable FSSs operating in both transmissive and reflective modes.…”

“…An FSS may be widely used to conceal such components and is an excellent solution for many applications because of its low cost, small profile, and ease of production. Furthermore, FSS can provide band-pass or band-stop responses and these structures are frequently used in microwave and millimeter-wave regimes as spatial filters, antenna reflectors, radomes, absorbers, artificial magnetic conductors, etc 3,4 . Reducing interference and wireless security between neighboring wireless local area networks (WLAN) have been the focus of extensive research in recent years [5][6][7][8] .Active FSSs, which can function as reflective and transmissive surfaces using diodes [9][10][11][12] , have been recently developed to provide switchable frequency response.…”

An ultra‐thin frequency‐selective surface with inductive loading for X‐band shielding applications

“…[16][17][18][19][20] In addition, the FSS has been studied by exploiting the material characteristics as detailed in Zhou et al 21 where graphene is used to enhance the FSS property. The FSS in other studies [22][23][24][25] has been demonstrated as a next-generation solution. Metaheuristic algorithms involving deep learning concepts have been reported in Mahouti et al 26 to efficiently design and optimize the FSS.…”