Novel wine in an old bottle: Preventive and therapeutic potentials of andrographolide in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases

Intestinal permeability in human cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…CVDs are generally characterized by narrowing or occlusion of the blood supply of vascular beds ( 1 , 2 ) resulting in insufficient blood perfusion of tissues and organs, which is one of the main factors causing intestinal ischemia ( 38 ), and then destroying the intestinal barrier and causing the increase of IP ( 39 ). Some literature has shown that increased IP can cause intestinal microbiota and metabolites (LPS, d-lactate, trimethylamine-N-oxide) to enter the blood circulation cause inflammation, and accelerate the development of CVDs ( 27 , 40 , 41 ).…”

The signaling pathways of selected traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions and their metabolites in the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy: a review

“…Andrographis paniculata Nees is distributed all over the world and is widely used, and andrographolide (AG) is a diterpene lactone metabolite, which is the main active metabolite of A. paniculata Nees and can be used to treat hyperlipidemia, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases ( Li X. H. et al, 2022b ; Gou et al, 2023 ). Liang et al (2018) found that diabetes could lead to decreased LVEF, FS, E/A, and insulin levels and increased blood glucose in mice, while AG could reverse the above phenomenon.…”

Alpinia katsumadai Hayata Volatile Oil Is Effective in Treating 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Mucositis by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Modulating the GC/GR Pathway and the mPGES-1/PGE2/EP4 Pathways

“…Extensive researches, especially animal experiments, have demonstrated that numerous herbal medicines possess multiple active ingredients with diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor effects, leading to amelioration of various prevalent diseases refractory. − Alpinia katsumadai Hayata belongs to the Alpinia genus of the family Zingiberaceae . The dried mature seeds of this plant, known as Caodoukou in China, are commonly used as dietary spices and can be found in traditional dishes of various countries, such as Korea, India, and Brazil.…”