Novelty in fossil fuel carbon abatement technologies in the 21^st Century: post‐combustion carbon capture

Abstract

A global net zero target by mid-century and keeping the maximum global temperature rise to below 1.5 °C was agreed by nearly 200 nations at the 26th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change advises that emission cuts by 45% are needed by 2030 in order to maintain the global temperature rise below the 1.5 °C target. To achieve this target, it is necessary to investigate technological options that are economically viable and globally acceptable for commercial deployment. This review paper looks at the new technologies needed to reduce CO 2 emission and to motivate commercial deployment, considering that the commercial deployment of CO 2 has been slowed down as a result of high capital and operating expenses which invariably increase the cost of energy. The paper presents a review on early years of process intensification technologies as well as a discussion on potential new process intensification options for CO 2 capture, with suggestions on how to modify those technologies for suitable application to solvent-based carbon capture. The work further discusses current process intensification technologies used for CO 2 capture applications. Solvent developments for enhancing CO 2 capture also are discussed as they contribute to cutting down the sizes of the units as well as decreasing the cost of regeneration which leads to reduction in capital and operating costs. A process flow diagram using a mop fan for capture of CO 2 from buildings is proposed. In addition, a new flow diagram is proposed for using loop reactor technology to capture CO 2 from large point sources, and finally a new process diagram using rotating packed bed absorber combined with sono-assisted regenerator is presented for improved performance of CO 2 capture technology. Recommendations on these diagrams are made to help ensure transition toward the net zero target.

Experimental study on the effect of process parameters on postcombustion CO2 capture using rotating packed bed technology

“…Postcombustion carbon capture (PCC) is the most mature CO 2 abatement option as demonstrated by commercial deployment projects such as the Petro Nova carbon capture and sequestration plant and the boundary dam carbon capture plant. 4 Many researchers have looked at different alternatives to improving the performance of conventional PCC to reduce the cost of its commercial deployment such as investigating different solvents, using plant configurations and process intensification 2,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Deployment of post-combustion carbon capture at a commercial scale must be cost-effective, since if it is costly, it will lead to increase in energy costs. Approaches to cutting capital and operating costs include process intensification options.…”

“…The use of RPB for CO 2 capture was reported by many researchers and it found that RPB has the potential to boost mass transfer for the CO 2 capture process. 2,[10][11][12][13][14] Operating costs could easily be reduced by strategies such as intercooling and heat integration, among others. However, they reduce plant flexibility and make operation and control more difficult.…”

“…Postcombustion carbon capture (PCC) is the most mature CO 2 abatement option as demonstrated by commercial deployment projects such as the Petro Nova carbon capture and sequestration plant and the boundary dam carbon capture plant 4 . Many researchers have looked at different alternatives to improving the performance of conventional PCC to reduce the cost of its commercial deployment such as investigating different solvents, using plant configurations and process intensification 2,5–15 …”

New Insights on Catalytic Valorization of Carbon Dioxide by Conventional and Intensified Processes

“…Carbon capture is an intriguing avenue for lowering net greenhouse gases emissions. − Several methods exist for CO 2 capture, the most popular being postcombustion capture, where CO 2 is eliminated after combustion of fossil fuels. Capture is usually achieved using solvents such as amines, − in either packed-bed columns or membrane contractors. , Enzymatic capture in membrane reactors is also a CO 2 removal method that has been investigated in recent years. , Precombustion capture, where fossil fuels are decarbonated before combustion, and oxycombustion, i.e., combustion under pure oxygen atmosphere, are also possible alternatives to postcombustion methods .…”

Application of rotating packed bed technology for biogas upgrading

“…According to the findings of a number of researchers, shows that process intensification using rotating packed bed technology has the potential to cut down both capital and operational expenses [10][11][12][13]. Studies by Joel et al [12,14] demonstrated that there is a considerable reduction in size of around 12 times for the absorber and 9.63 times for the stripper when compared to conventional columns for CO2 capture.…”