“Now drugs in Libya are much cheaper than food”: A qualitative study on substance use among young Libyans in post-revolution Tripoli, Libya

Elamouri, Fauzi Muftah; Musumari, Patou Masika; Techasrivichien, Teeranee; Farjallah, Anwer; Elfandi, Sufian; Alsharif, Osama Fathi; Benothman, Hussein; Suguimoto, S. Pilar; Ono-Kihara, Masako; Kihara, Masahiro

doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.11.026

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Studies investigated different aspects of family functioning following war-related trauma exposure, and three studies briefly addressed the impact on children as well. Most studies relied on mothers as informants; two studies relied exclusively on children as informants (Bek-Pedersen & Montgomery, 2006; Elamouri et al, 2018).…”

Section: Results and Discussion: Qualitative Strandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parenting in Times of War: A Meta-Analysis and Qualitative Synthesis of War Exposure, Parenting, and Child Adjustment

Eltanamly

Leijten

Jak

et al. 2019

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

129

102

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This mixed methods systematic review and meta-analysis sheds more light on the role parenting practices play in children's adjustment after war exposure. Specifically, we quantitatively examined whether parenting behavior explained some of the wellknown associations between war exposure and children's adjustment. In addition, we meta-synthesized qualitative evidence answering when and why parenting practices might change for war-affected families. We searched nine electronic databases and contacted experts in the field for relevant studies published until March 2018, identifying 4,147 unique publications that were further screened by title and abstract, resulting in 158 publications being fully screened. By running a meta-analytic structural equation model with 38 quantitative studies (N ¼ 54,372, M age ¼ 12.00, SD age ¼ 3.54), we found that more war-exposed parents showed less warmth and more harshness toward their children, which partly mediated the association between war exposure and child adjustment, that is, post-traumatic stress symptoms, depression and anxiety, social problems, externalizing behavior, and lower positive outcomes (e.g., quality of life). War exposure was not associated with parents' exercise of behavioral control. By meta-synthesizing 10 qualitative studies (N ¼ 1,042; age range ¼ 0À18), we found that the nature of war-related trauma affected parenting differently. That is, parents showed harshness, hostility, inconsistency, and less warmth in highly dangerous settings and more warmth and overprotection when only living under threat. We conclude that it is both how much and what families have seen that shapes parenting in times of war.

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Section: Results and Discussion: Qualitative Strandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parenting in Times of War: A Meta-Analysis and Qualitative Synthesis of War Exposure, Parenting, and Child Adjustment

Eltanamly

Leijten

Jak

et al. 2019

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

129

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…According to published reports between 2007 and 2018 in Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of smoking among youth ranged from 9.72% to 37% ( Alasqah et al, 2019 ). Multiple factors may explain this rapidly growing epidemic of substance use in North African and Middle East countries yet to be scientifically identified, although there are indication that availability of drugs with an affordable price has increased ( Elamouri et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impulsivity mediates the impact of early life adversity on high risk behaviors among Tunisian adolescents

Mlouki

Bouanène

Sioud

et al. 2021

Preventive Medicine Reports

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“…Regarding other bridging populations, twenty-two articles within the indicated age range included prisoners, street children, truck drivers, tourist workers, transgender women, conscripts and people of the general population. Participants in this group again had a limited understanding of HIV, especially around modes of transmission and the fairly high-risk behavior [44,[52][53][54][55][56][57][58].…”

Section: Students General Population and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Condom use is more common among men, especially those who practice extramarital sex in Egypt, Iran, and Morocco [23,24,60,62,64,67] and more frequently used among older children as opposed to those who are younger in age [64,68]. It is worth noting that weakened religion among youth in Libya [53], Morocco [69], and Southern Iran [60] was reported to be one of the factors causing street children to engage in risky behaviors.…”

Section: Students General Population and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite their high education, some lacked adequate knowledge on the matter which thus, does not inform their attitudes and leads to a low risk perception. It is also worth noting that young people are disproportionately affected by political instability and war which is prevalent in the MENA region and may have enhanced their vulnerability to drug use [53].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the epidemiological HIV risk factors and underlying risk context for youth residing in or originating from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region: A scoping review of the literature

et al. 2022

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Introduction HIV is the second leading cause of death among young people globally, and adolescents are the only group where HIV mortality is not declining. Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is one of few regions seeing rapid increase of HIV infections (31.0%) since 2001. MENA youth are at particular risk of HIV due to dearth of research and challenges in accessing services. Objective The purpose of this scoping review is to establish the epidemiological HIV risk factors and underlying risk context for youth residing in or originating from the MENA region. Methods Online database searches were conducted using combination of search terms. Screening 5,853 citations, published between 1990–2019 with age groups 16 to 29, resulted in 57 studies included across 18 MENA countries. Results ‘Key populations’ engage in risky behaviors, including: overlapping risky behaviors among youth who inject drugs (PWID); lack of access to HIV testing, condomless sex, and multiple sex partners among young men who have sex with men (MSM); and high and overlapping risk behaviors among young sex workers. Challenges facing other youth groups and bridging populations include: peer pressure, inhibition about discussing sexual health, lack of credible sex education sources, low condom use, and lack of access to HIV protection/prevention services, especially testing. Conclusion Poor surveillance coupled with scarcity of rigorous studies limit what is known about epidemiology of HIV among youth in MENA. Homophobia, stigma around PWID, and illegal status of sex work promote non-disclosure of risk behaviors among youth and curtail serving this population.

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“Now drugs in Libya are much cheaper than food”: A qualitative study on substance use among young Libyans in post-revolution Tripoli, Libya

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Parenting in Times of War: A Meta-Analysis and Qualitative Synthesis of War Exposure, Parenting, and Child Adjustment

Parenting in Times of War: A Meta-Analysis and Qualitative Synthesis of War Exposure, Parenting, and Child Adjustment

Impulsivity mediates the impact of early life adversity on high risk behaviors among Tunisian adolescents

Understanding the epidemiological HIV risk factors and underlying risk context for youth residing in or originating from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region: A scoping review of the literature

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