NR–EPDM covulcanization: A novel approach

Ghosh, Alpana; Debnath, Subhas Chandra; Naskar, Nityananda; Basu, Dipak Kumar

doi:10.1002/app.1498

Cited by 48 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Typical S-shaped curves ( Figure 3) are obtained in all the cases. It is interesting to note that faster cure rate is observed with silica than with gum 14 and black-filled vulcanizates of similar composition (Figure 1). This difference might be explained by the reaction between the fragments of DIPDIS and the silanol (Si-OH) groups present at the silica surfaces.…”

Section: One-stage Vulcanization Of Silica Filled Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Natural rubber–ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber covulcanization: Effect of reinforcing fillers

Kumar

Dipak

Basu

2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Filled covulcanizates of elastomer blend comprising natural rubber (NR) and ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) of commercial importance were successfully prepared by using a multifunctional rubber additive; namely, bis(diisopropyl)thiophosphoryl disulfide (DIPDIS). A Two-stage vulcanization technique further improved the physicochemical properties of the blend vulcanizates by restricting, through the formation of polar rubber bound intermediates, the migration of curative and filler from lower to highly unsaturated rubber. Scanning electron microscopy studies indicate homogeneity and coherency in the morphology of the two-stage vulcanizates.

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Section: One-stage Vulcanization Of Silica Filled Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In twostage vulcanization, it could be reasonably expected that accelerator fragments get anchored onto the EPDM backbone (Scheme 1), 14 thereby rendering the EPDM more polar because of the pendant moieties of DIPDIS. However, with the …”

Section: Two-stage Vulcanization Of Carbon Black-filled Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural rubber–ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber covulcanization: Effect of reinforcing fillers

Kumar

Dipak

Basu

2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…On the other hand, it is also expected that DIPDIS will interact with the rubber chain and the silicate particles because of its multifunctional character. Ghosh et al 32 showed an identical reaction mechanism when they treated EPDM with DIPDIS in a silica-filled system. Figure 2 shows the ATR-infrared given for EPDM-gum and EPDM-clay nanocomposites.…”

Section: Atr Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 93%

Preintercalation of an organic accelerator into nanogalleries and preparation of ethylene propylene diene terpolymer rubber–clay nanocomposites

Rooj

Das

Heinrich

2011

Polym J

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A multifunctional additive, bis(diisopropyl) thiophosphoryl diisopropyl disulfide (DIPDIS), was melted in the presence of quaternary ammonium-modified montmorillonite clay and incorporated into an ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM) rubber matrix as a nanofiller to prepare EPDM rubber nanocomposites. The finer dispersion of the organoclay (OC) in the rubber matrix was observed when the OC was preintercalated by DIPDIS using the propping-open procedure. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that the silicate layers of the OC were successfully preintercalated by the DIPDIS; that is, the basal spacing of clay galleries was expanded from 2.98 to 3.76 nm. Because of the larger interlayer distance, as evidenced by XRD studies, the delamination process was facilitated through the easy intercalation of macromolecular rubber chains, which was reflected in various properties, such as the stress-strain behavior, thermal stability, dynamic mechanical properties and swelling properties. XRD studies and transmission electron microscopy directly supported the effective filler dispersion in the non-polar EPDM rubber matrix. INTRODUCTIONPolymer nanocomposites based on nanoclay have recently generated a great deal of interest as a successful approach to overcome the inadequacy of conventional composites. 1-4 Very recently, advances in rubber-clay nanocomposites have attracted the attention of scientists working in the field of polymer-clay nanocomposites. In addition to higher gas barrier properties and certain improved fireresistance properties, most of the developed rubber-clay nanocomposites exhibit much higher tensile strength than that of the corresponding matrix. Generally, the corresponding ratio is at least two to three times greater. 5,6 However, because of the inorganic nature of the clay minerals, the dispersion by the delamination process of the clay layers is the main problem for the desirable reinforcement of the silicate clay layers. The most established and common ways to overcome this problem are the use of quaternary ammonium salt, 7 surfactants, 8,9 ionic liquids, 10,11 silane coupling agents 12,13 and different fatty acid salts, 14 which are common approaches to obtain a higher degree of delamination. Very recently, it was reported that 15 the preintercalation of stearic acid into the gallery of layered silicate, which was already modified by quaternary ammonium compounds (QUATs), could be one common approach to make the delamination process more effective. The effectiveness of this process was verified in different rubber systems where crosslinking was caused by a sulfur

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“…When nanolayers have been exfoliated, the improvement in properties can be seen as an increase in tensile properties, as well as enhanced barrier properties, decreased solvent permeability, and increased thermal stability and flame retardance. [6], [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Characterization of Nanostructured Polymer Composites Prepared by Melt Compounding

Alipour¹

2012

IJBBB

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Abstract-In this research we have investigated the effect of different percentages of nanoclay and matrix compositions on the characteristics of NR/BR blend prepared by open two-roll mill. The dispersion of the layered silicate in rubber matrix was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) The results showed that the nanocomposites structure consisting of intercalated structure as well as partially exfoliated structure are obtained. Properties such as permeability and complex viscosity as well as storage modulus are tested to assess the effect of addition of the nanoclay and matrix composition. Permeability and compression set of the nanocomposite samples received markedly improvement. These results were confirmed by Gel content measurements since a noticeable decrease in the gel values was observed when the organoclay was added to the rubber compounds. The properties improvement caused by nanoclay are attributed to intercalation of the organophilic clay by NR/BR macromolecules and established interaction between nanoclay and polymer matrix which was evidenced by SEM photomicrographs. These results were accompanied by enhanced rheological properties.

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NR–EPDM covulcanization: A novel approach

Cited by 48 publications

References 28 publications

Natural rubber–ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber covulcanization: Effect of reinforcing fillers

Natural rubber–ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber covulcanization: Effect of reinforcing fillers

Preintercalation of an organic accelerator into nanogalleries and preparation of ethylene propylene diene terpolymer rubber–clay nanocomposites

Fabrication and Characterization of Nanostructured Polymer Composites Prepared by Melt Compounding

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