NRT-Monitoring am Vulkanausbruch Eyjafjallajokull (Island) mit TerraSAR-X

Münzer, Ulrich; Mayer, Christoph; Reichel, L.; Runge, Hartmut; Fritz, Thomas; Rossi, Cristian

doi:10.1127/1432-8364/2010/0060

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The main advantage of the SAR operated by the Icelandic Coast Guard compared to equivalent spaceborne systems is its flexibility. The first images of the eruption site were acquired within eight hours from the start of the eruption and a unique series of images was acquired over the first day at a temporal resolution presently not possible with available spaceborne radar systems, which also obtained images of the Eyjafjallajökull eruption site during the eruption [ Münzer et al , 2010]. …”

Section: Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ice‐volcano interactions during the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption, as revealed by airborne imaging radar

Magnússon¹,

Guðmundsson²,

Roberts³

et al. 2012

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] During the eruption of the ice-covered Eyjafjallajökull volcano, a series of images from an airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) were obtained by the Icelandic Coast Guard. Cloud obscured the summit from view during the first three days of the eruption, making the weather-independent SAR a valuable monitoring resource. Radar images revealed the development of ice cauldrons in a 200 m thick ice cover within the summit caldera, as well as the formation of cauldrons to the immediate south of the caldera. Additionally, radar images were used to document the subglacial and supraglacial passage of floodwater to the north and south of the eruption site. The eruption breached the ice surface about four hours after its onset at about 01:30 UTC on 14 April 2010. The first SAR images, obtained between 08:55 and 10:42 UTC, show signs of limited supraglacial drainage from the eruption site. Floodwater began to drain from the ice cap almost 5.5 h after the beginning of the eruption, implying storage of meltwater at the eruption site due to initially constricted subglacial drainage from the caldera. Heat transfer rates from magma to ice during early stages of cauldron formation were about 1 MW m À2 in the radial direction and about 4 MW m À2 vertically. Meltwater release was characterized by accumulation and drainage with most of the volcanic material in the ice cauldrons being drained in hyperconcentrated floods. After the third day of the eruption, meltwater generation at the eruption site diminished due to an insulating lag of tephra.

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Section: Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%