Nuclear actin and myosins at a glance

Lanerolle, Primal de

doi:10.1242/jcs.099754

Cited by 74 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…F-actin is a complex cytoskeletal structure involved in a variety of conserved functions, including endocytosis, cytoplasmic transport and nuclear migration (for reviews, see Mishra et al, 2014;Stricker et al, 2010). The presence of actin in the nucleus, once a hotly debated topic, is now established, primarily from studies in mammalian cells (for review, see de Lanerolle, 2012). In contrast to cytoplasmic actin, most nuclear actin exists in its monomeric form.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, actin filaments have been found in the nucleus of certain cell types (for review, see Grosse and Vartiainen, 2013). For instance, formin-actin rods can be detected under non-physiological conditions, such as heat shock, ATP depletion or inhibition of actin polymerization with latrunculin A (de Lanerolle, 2012;Grosse and Vartiainen, 2013). Nuclear actin filaments are also formed upon serum stimulation of quiescent fibroblasts, a step that is involved in the regulation of actin-binding transcription factor MRTF (Baarlink et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for actin dual role in regulating chromosome organization and dynamics in yeast

Spichal

Brion

Herbert

et al. 2016

Journal of Cell Science

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Eukaryotic chromosomes undergo movements that are involved in the regulation of functional processes such as DNA repair. To better understand the origin of these movements, we used fluorescence microscopy, image analysis and chromosome conformation capture to quantify the actin contribution to chromosome movements and interactions in budding yeast. We show that both the cytoskeletal and nuclear actin drive local chromosome movements, independently of Csm4, a putative LINC protein. Inhibition of actin polymerization reduces subtelomere dynamics, resulting in more confined territories and enrichment in subtelomeric contacts. Artificial tethering of actin to nuclear pores increased both nuclear pore complex (NPC) and subtelomere motion. Chromosome loci that were positioned away from telomeres exhibited reduced motion in the presence of an actin polymerization inhibitor but were unaffected by the lack of Csm4. We further show that actin was required for locus mobility that was induced by targeting the chromatin-remodeling protein Ino80. Correlated with this, DNA repair by homologous recombination was less efficient. Overall, interphase chromosome dynamics are modulated by the additive effects of cytoskeletal actin through forces mediated by the nuclear envelope and nuclear actin, probably through the function of actin in chromatin-remodeling complexes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for actin dual role in regulating chromosome organization and dynamics in yeast

Spichal

Brion

Herbert

et al. 2016

Journal of Cell Science

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“…Cytoplasmic actin has been studied for decades and is known to provide mechanical support and to power a host of cellular responses. Actin is also found in the nucleus and is integral to many nuclear processes (reviewed in de Lanerolle, 2012;de Lanerolle and Serebryannyy, 2011;Grosse and Vartiainen, 2013). Actively imported and exported, nuclear actin is a cofactor for several chromatin remodelers, transcription complexes, RNA-binding proteins and all three RNA polymerases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent nuclear actin filaments inhibit transcription by RNA polymerase II

Serebryannyy

Parilla

Annibale

et al. 2016

Journal of Cell Science

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Actin is abundant in the nucleus and it is clear that nuclear actin has important functions. However, mystery surrounds the absence of classical actin filaments in the nucleus. To address this question, we investigated how polymerizing nuclear actin into persistent nuclear actin filaments affected transcription by RNA polymerase II. Nuclear filaments impaired nuclear actin dynamics by polymerizing and sequestering nuclear actin. Polymerizing actin into stable nuclear filaments disrupted the interaction of actin with RNA polymerase II and correlated with impaired RNA polymerase II localization, dynamics, gene recruitment, and reduced global transcription and cell proliferation. Polymerizing and crosslinking nuclear actin in vitro similarly disrupted the actin-RNA-polymerase-II interaction and inhibited transcription. These data rationalize the general absence of stable actin filaments in mammalian somatic nuclei. They also suggest a dynamic pool of nuclear actin is required for the proper localization and activity of RNA polymerase II.

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“…Хотя в ядре присутствуют актин и мио зин [40,41], актин не организован в протяженные филаменты [42,43], необходимые для работы мио зиновых моторов. Единственными моторами, ко торые точно есть в ядре, являются ДНК и РНК полимеразы.…”

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Organization of functional processes in the cell nucleus: The order emerging out of the disorder

Razin

Гаврилов

2015

Moscow Univ. Biol.Sci. Bull.

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В обзоре рассматриваются современные представления о пространственной организации эукариотического генома и функциональной компарментализации клеточного ядра. Обосно вываются представления о том, что упакованный в трехмерном пространстве клеточного ядра геном составляет структурную основу для компартментализации клеточного ядра. Анализиру ются различные механизмы взаимного позиционирования удаленных элементов генома и ме ханизмы возникновения функциональных компартментов внутри клеточного ядра, в том числе обсуждается возможная роль в этих процессах сил, возникающих в условиях макромолекуляр ного скопления. В заключительном разделе обсуждается модель, постулирующая важную роль стохастических процессов в формировании так называемой "функциональной архитектуры" генома и сборке функциональных компартментов в клеточном ядре.

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Nuclear actin and myosins at a glance

Cited by 74 publications

References 57 publications

Evidence for actin dual role in regulating chromosome organization and dynamics in yeast

Evidence for actin dual role in regulating chromosome organization and dynamics in yeast

Persistent nuclear actin filaments inhibit transcription by RNA polymerase II

Organization of functional processes in the cell nucleus: The order emerging out of the disorder

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