Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Organoids in the Living Cell

Duryee, William R.; Doherty, Josephine K.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1954.tb45904.x

Cited by 37 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Transmission by inoculation of embryos with LHV de rived from winter tumor cell fractions produces pronephric or meso nephric renal carcinomas in larva or metamorphosing adults [15,17,18,23]. While numerous tumor virus systems have been related to consistent chromosome abnormalities [19], initial observations on tumor biopsis of the primary frog renal carcinoma [4,12] suggested that the spontaneous tumor had a normal, diploid karyotype. Karyological studies on intra ocular transplants [3] or on primary tumors in situ [2] also showed no significant deviation from the species diploidy of 26.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Karyotype Analysis of a Frog Pronephric Tumor Cell Line

Przybelski¹,

Tweedell²

1978

Pathobiology

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Pronephric tumor cell lines, established from explants of a herpes virus induced frog renal adenocarcinoma, were shown to have a aneuploid modal chromosome number of 39. A karyotypic analysis of one line demonstrated the presence of abnormal chromosomes and chromosomal aberrations not previously reported for Lucké tumor cells. The cell line was characterized by two marker chromosomes of high incidence, but there was no evidence of a stemline population of tumor cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Karyotype Analysis of a Frog Pronephric Tumor Cell Line

Przybelski¹,

Tweedell²

1978

Pathobiology

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“…The chromosome number of cultured Lucke carcinoma cells was previously reported to be diploid (Duryee andDoherty, 1954: Freed andCole, 1961), but no karyotypes were presented in these early studies. However, karyotypes of aceto-orcein squashes prepared from Lucke renal carcinoma allografted to the anterior eye chamber of R. pipiens were compared with chromosomes of normal embryos and adults by DiBerardino et al (1963).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic analysis of triploid renal carcinoma in <i>Rana pipien</i><i>s</i>

Williams

Carlson²,

Gadson³

et al. 1993

Cytogenet Genome Res

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To provide a cytogenetic marker for nuclear transplantation experiments, triploid Rαnα pipiens embryos were produced. These embryos were injected with Lucké tumor herpesvirus. The chromosome profile of a renal carcinoma that developed in one of these triploid embryos was compared to the chromosomal profiles of a naturally occurring diploid renal carcinoma and a diploid renal tumor maintained as serial anterior eye chamber allografts for over 7 yr. Examination of Ag-NOR-stained chromosome spreads from the putative triploid and naturally occurring putative diploid tumor revealed the expected results. The vast majority of the chromosome spreads, 54/57 (95%) and 6/7 (86%), respectively, displayed euploid chromosome and Ag-NOR profiles: 3N = 39 with three Ag-NORs at the secondary constrictions in the long arm of chromosome 10 (10q) and 2N = 26 with two Ag-NORs in 10q. Chromosome profiles from the long-term allografted tumor were highly aneuploid (82%) and, based on their Ag-NOR content, displayed variations in their 2N, 3N, and 4N numbers. These data indicate that the majority of recently transformed triploid Lucké tumor cells can provide donor nuclei suitable for the characterization of developmental potential.

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“…In small or moderate-size nuclei the hydrated chromosomes fill the entire space within the membrane; in giant nuclei the chromosomes occupy but a small portion of the entire volume (6,10,12). The reminder of the nucleus consists of another phase, a "nucleogel," which has tinctorial properties and uhrastructural characteristics deviating from those FIGURE ~ Electron micrograph of an area of the nucleus occupied by chromosomes and nucleolus-like bodies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE NUCLEUS OF NOCTILUCA SCINTILLANS

Afzelius¹

1963

The Journal of Cell Biology

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A B S T R A C TThc unicellular organism, Noctiluca, has becn cxamincd with thc electron microscope. The nuclcus is small compared to the very large size of the cell, but the nuclear border has an organization which indicates an active nucleocytoplasmic exchange. Whereas annuli arc missing over most parts of the nuclear membranc propcr, there arc "annulated vesiclcs" in a layer inside the nuclcar membranc. Thc hypothesis is put forth that nuclear substanccs move through the annuli into these vesicles, and that the annulated vesicles themsclves are transported through the nuclear membrane. The various forms ot the annulated vesicles are consistent with this hypothesis. An implication of this postulate is the synthesis of annulatcd mcmbrancs inside a closed nucleus which arc physically separate from the endoplasmic reticulum. The chromosomes arc in a state resembling prophase chromosomes and arc surrounded by granular masscs. Only a small portion of thc entire nuclear volume is occupicd by the chromosomes. There are many nucleolus-likc bodies.Following the description of the morphology of the nuclear membrane (1, 8, 42) a number of theories have been proposed which attempt to explain the exchange of substances through the nuclear membrane at a fine structural level. The notion that the annuli of the nuclear membrane contain ribosomelike granules (1) has been taken as evidence for transport of particles through the annuli (e.g. reference 41). It has also been proposed that substances may diffuse from the nucleus to the perinuclear space (i.e., the cleft between the two electron-opaque layers of the nuclear membrane) and reach the cavities of the endoplasmic reticulum by means of several open communications between the two structures (17,42). A third concept is the "membrane flow hypothesis" of Bennett (5), implying a transport of particles from nucleus to cytoplasm by means of a "flowing" of the membranes with attached particles through the pore and in some way around the annulus. In a fourth hypothesis it is assumed that relatively large "emission bodies" may pass the nuclear membrane by tearing a hole in it and thus leaving an open nucleo-cytoplasmic connection (26). Finally, it has been suggested that there might be a passage of large emission bodies, but that the nuclear membrane is closed by a regenerating membrane under the body before its actual emission (reference 2, and, similarly, reference 12). This mechanism presupposes formation of nuclear membrane inside a closed nucleus. The only mechanism of nucleocytoplasmic transport which has received experimental support is the route through the annuli, as demonstrated in amebas by injection of colloidal gold (I 1).In a study of the cytology of the luminescent

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Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Organoids in the Living Cell

Cited by 37 publications

References 2 publications

Karyotype Analysis of a Frog Pronephric Tumor Cell Line

Karyotype Analysis of a Frog Pronephric Tumor Cell Line

Cytogenetic analysis of triploid renal carcinoma in <i>Rana pipien</i><i>s</i>

THE NUCLEUS OF NOCTILUCA SCINTILLANS

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