Nuclear changes induced in rat liver cells by thioacetamide

Laird, Anna Kane

doi:10.1016/0003-9861(53)90175-1

Cited by 55 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Since only larger molecular weight RNA units were preserved by techniques used in this study, smaller molecular weight units may have accumulated in the cytoplasm, but would have been lost during the processing of the tissues. An increase in soluble cytoplasmic RNA fractions after thioacetamide treatment has been described (2,22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thioacetamide (CH3CSNH~)(TA), the compound used in this study, induces a rapid and specific effect on the nucleoprotein metabolism of liver parenchymal cells. Within a few days of treatment, the nucleolar volume and RNA content increased to enormous proportions, the nuclear volume and RNA concentration doubled, while the cytoplasmic RNA concentration decreased (17,18,22). Biochemical studies on TA-treated liver have indicated that the amounts of nuclear RNA and protein and the levels of RNA and protein of the cytoplasmic "sap" were increased while microsomal and mitochondrial RNA and protein were depressed (2,22).…”

Section: Int~qpuctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within a few days of treatment, the nucleolar volume and RNA content increased to enormous proportions, the nuclear volume and RNA concentration doubled, while the cytoplasmic RNA concentration decreased (17,18,22). Biochemical studies on TA-treated liver have indicated that the amounts of nuclear RNA and protein and the levels of RNA and protein of the cytoplasmic "sap" were increased while microsomal and mitochondrial RNA and protein were depressed (2,22). A pattern of enlarged nucleoli, with a concomitant increase in cytoplasmic basophilia, is typical of cells stimulated toward increased protein synthesis (3, for review).…”

Section: Int~qpuctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of the Nucleolus

Koulish

Kleinfeld

1964

The Journal of Cell Biology

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Male rats of the Sherman strain were fed for 2 weeks a diet ofgrohnd purina rat chow containing 0.04 per cent thioacetamide. Animals were injected intraperitoneally with tritiated cytidine, 200#c/100 gm body weight, and sacrificed in pairs, a control and a thioacetamidetreated rat, at prescribed intervals. Liver tissues were preserved with the freeze-substitution method and postfixed in anhydrous OsO4. Other samples were fixed directly with an acetic acid-ethanol mixture (1:3). AR-10 stripping film was applied to 2-and 4-# sections and exposed for appropriate lengths of time. Nuclear and nucleolar volumes were obtained by direct measurement. Cytoplasmic volumes were obtained with the aid of Chalkley ratios. Nucleolar and cytoplasmic RNA concentrations were calculated from cytophotometric extinction (E540mu)measurements. Data were expressed as grains/unit area, grains/unit area/concentration (or specific activity) and grains/total structure. In the liver parenchymal cells of thioacetamide-treated rats, the nucleolus shows vast increases in volume, RNA content, and grain count/total structure, 14-fold, 25-fold, and over 30-fold, respectively. The nucleus increases 2-fold in volume and about 3-fold in total grain count. Cytoplasmic volume increases only 20 per cent and displays a total grain count about equal to that in the control. The time course of incorporation curves for nucleolus and non-nucleolar nucleus (NNN)contain 2 distinct turnover fractions, rapid and slow. Both fractions were increased after thioacetamide treatment but remained proportional to those of controls. The unique stimulated RNA turnover in the nucleus and nucleolus, coupled to a "normal" turnover in the cytoplasm, suggests that this nuclear-nucleolar loss of label does not represent an exclusive passage of formed nuclear RNA to the cytoplasm.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Int~qpuctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Int~qpuctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of the Nucleolus

Koulish

Kleinfeld

1964

The Journal of Cell Biology

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“…Beams and King, 1942;Teir, 1944;Walker, 1958), a non-proportional increase in extra-chromosomal protein in certain hormoneregulated tissues and following the action of certain chemical substances (Laird, 1953;Alfert, Bern and Kahn, 1955;Alfert, 1958) and nuclear oedema in certain degenerating, dying epithelial cells (Bern, Alfert and Blair, 1957).…”

Section: Distribution Of Binucleate Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pattern of Change in Tumour-cell Populations in vivo

Roberts¹

1963

Br J Cancer

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“…However, shortterm treatment with thioacetamide has only limited cytotoxic effects, essentially localized at the transcriptional and translational level of the liver cell. Reported effects of thioacetamide do not easily fit in a coherent framework, and include increased nucleolar size and RNA content (2), enhanced levels of both polymerase I and I1 (S), increased translational activity of albumin m-RNA in cell-free translation system (4), inhibited induction of some microsomal enzymes (5,6), and reduced ribosomal RNA content (7,8 (10) containing 0.035% collagenase according to the method of Berry and Friend (11) and suspended at a density of 10' cell/ ml in Krebs-bicarbonate saline containing a mixture of 20 L-amino acids at 5 times the concentration found in rat serum (medium A). Cell viability was of 90 to 95% as determined by trypan blue exclusion (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thioacetamide Effects on Protein Metabolism in the Liver: Lessons from Isolated Hepatocytes

Cajone¹,

Bernelli‐Zazzera²

1984

Toxicol Pathol

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The effects of a short-term treatment with thioacetamide have been studied in isolated hepatocyfes obtained from intoxicated rats. A technique has been developed which utilizes leucine alternatively labeled with either ["C] or ['HI and permits the simultaneous evaluation of protein synthesis, catabolism and secretion in the same cell during the same incubation period. The results indicate that short-term thioacetamide treatment causes an overall slowing-down of protein metabolism. Protein synthesis, however, decreases less than protein degradation and total protein secretion; albumin secretion, which is also less than normal, seems to be less compromised than total protein secretion.

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Nuclear changes induced in rat liver cells by thioacetamide

Cited by 55 publications

References 9 publications

The Role of the Nucleolus

The Role of the Nucleolus

A Pattern of Change in Tumour-cell Populations in vivo

Thioacetamide Effects on Protein Metabolism in the Liver: Lessons from Isolated Hepatocytes

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