Nuclear charge radii from X-ray transitions in muonic atoms of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen

Dubler, T.; Schellenberg, L.; Schneuwly, H.; Engfer, R.; Vuilleumier, J.L.; Walter, H.K.; Zehnder, A.; Fricke, B.

doi:10.1016/0375-9474(74)90080-3

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The calibration was performed in the following way: In addition to the external calibration with radioactive sources of 75 Se and 198 Au, 7 we used the muonic lines of Pb and Ba, having energies of less than 300 keV, as well as the muonic lines of ls O and 12 C. These lines are supposed to be good calibration lines, as their energies can be calculated very accurately 8 or have already been accurately measured. 9 No significant deviation of these energies from calculation has been reported yet. The most important calibration point, however, is the 137 Cs line at 455.490 keV, 10 which was measured separately to an accuracy of 10 eV.…”

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confidence: 85%

Test of Quantum Electrodynamics by Muonic Atoms: An Experimental Contribution

et al. 1975

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errors on p are estimated by the authors 12 to be ±0.02, due mainly to the subtraction of radiativetails. Finally the fact that for x >0.1 the nucleus does indeed behave like a noninteracting collection of protons and neutrons suggests that if scaling is valid, high-Z targets can be used for the study of muon-nucleon scattering at very high energies.We are indebted to the staff of the Brookhaven National Laboratory alternating-gradient synchrotron for their support and to Mr.W. Atwood, private communication. This fit to the Several experiments have been* performed in recent years to check the validity of quantum electrodynamics (QED) by x-ray transitions in muonic atoms, where the vacuum polarization is the largest QED correction. 1 " 4 One of these experiments 2 showed significant deviations from calculations for energies above 400 keV, the experimental values being smaller than the calculated ones. The measurement of Ref. 3 seemed structure function vW 2 p is almost equivalent to that of V. Rittenberg and H. R. Rubinstein, Phys 0 Lett. 35B, 50 (1971), and that of M. Breidenbach and J. Kuti, PhySo Lett. 41B, 345 (1972). 5 R 0 M. Sternheimer, Phys 0 Rev. J^, 511 (1956); P. Mo Joseph, Nucl. Instrum 0 Methods 75, 13 (1969). If E Q and E Q ' axe the true incident and scattered muon energies andE andl?' the observed energies, then v =£ 0 -E 0 ' =E-E' -<5, where 6 is the energy loss for a muon traversing the entire length of the target 0 6 L. W. Mo and Y. S. Tsai, Rev. Mod. Phys. 41, 205 (1969). 7 E. J. Moniz et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. .26, 445 (1971). 8 D 0 O. Caldwell et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 213, 1256 (1969); G 0 Ro Brookes et al, Phys. Rev. D8, 2826 (1973). 9 D. Schildknecht, Nucl. Phys 0 B66 , 398 (1973).The large unexplained deviations of the experimental muonic 4-3 transitions in Ba and 5-4 transitions in Pb from calculations were found not to be existent. The absolute energies of these transitions agree, on the average, with theory to within 10 eV: The differences between experimental and calculated energies E aSc -^E eiiip are +2± 13 and -2 ± 12 eV for the ju'-Ba #5/2-3rf 3 / 2 and 4^7/2~3^5/ 2 transitions, respectively, and 10 ±16 and -13 ± 14 eV for the jiT-Pb 5g

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confidence: 85%

Test of Quantum Electrodynamics by Muonic Atoms: An Experimental Contribution

et al. 1975

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“…In Ref. [31], the nuclear radii of some carbon, nitrogen and oxygen isotopes are determined by analyzing muonic transitions, and the resulting radii are in agreement with electron scattering radii for the investigated nuclei to better than 5 %. Later, the radius of 12 C has been updated in Refs.…”

Section: Historical Perspective On Discrepancies In Muonic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…[11]], and related to the inclusive reaction e+p → e ′ +X. This is an accepted procedure for all nuclei, also for heavier nuclei [31]. For the proton, one would intuitively assume that the bulk of the contribution is from the ∆(1232) resonance, which has been measured well.…”

Section: Proton Polarizabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen—II. Analysis of the discrepancy of theory and experiment

Jentschura

2011

Annals of Physics

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Currently, both the g factor measurement of the muon as well as the Lamb shift 2S-2P measurement in muonic hydrogen are in disagreement with theory. Here, we investigate possible theoretical explanations, including proton structure effects and small modifications of the vacuum polarization potential. In particular, we investigate a conceivable small modification of the spectral function of vacuum polarization in between the electron and muon energy scales due to a virtual millicharged particle and due to an unstable vector boson originating from a hidden sector of an extended standard model. We find that a virtual millicharged particle which could explain the muonic Lamb shift discrepancy alters theoretical predictions for the muon anomalous magnetic moment by many standard deviations and therefore is in conflict with experiment. Also, we find no parameterizations of an unstable virtual vector boson which could simultaneously explain both "muonic" discrepancies without significantly altering theoretical predictions for electronic hydrogen, where theory and experiment currently are in excellent agreement. A process-dependent correction involving electron screening is evaluated to have the right sign and order-of-magnitude to explain the observed effect in muonic hydrogen. Additional experimental evidence from light muonic atoms and ions is needed in order to reach further clarification. PACS numbers 31.30.jf, 12.20.Ds

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“…The 7-ray energies from the 75Se source [21] and from the 137Cs nucleus [17] are converted to the new 198Au standard [20]. earlier with good accuracy by Dubler et al [15]. The 6-5 and 7-5 transitions in Pb and the 5-4, 6-5, and 6-4 transitions in Ba were also used for calibration.…”

Section: The Muonic Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The muonic X-rays used as calibration standards are listed in The energies given for the #-Ba and /~-Pb lines are those of the strongest component of the fine-structure multiplet. The g-C 4-1 and p-O 4-1 energies are taken from [15]. The 7-ray energies from the 75Se source [21] and from the 137Cs nucleus [17] are converted to the new 198Au standard [20].…”

Section: The Muonic Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%