Nuclear data for production and medical application of radionuclides: Present status and future needs

Qaim, S.M.

doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2016.08.016

Cited by 147 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…η x allows us to cast the activity produced in a given irradiation time t i as: (12) Maximizing η x would be the goal of any engineering design to produce a desired activity using a neutron generator at a minimum of cost and radiological impact.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second radionuclide studied, 47 Sc (t 1/2 = 3.35 d), undergoes β − decay to 47 Ti, emitting a high-intensity (63.8%) 159-keV gamma ray in the process [10]. This radionuclide is attractive as an emerging diagnostic isotope, due to the similarity of the emitted gamma ray to that of the well-established 99m Tc [11,12,13,14]. Due to the short half-life (t 1/2 = 6.0 h) of and dwindling supplies of 99m Tc, 47 Sc stands poised as a potential solution to this shortage, due to its longer half-life and multiple production pathways without the need for highly enriched uranium [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of the 64Zn,47Ti(n,p) cross sections using a DD neutron generator for medical isotope studies

Voyles¹,

Basunia²,

Batchelder³

et al. 2017

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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Cross sections for the 47 Ti(n,p) 47 Sc and 64 Zn(n,p) 64 Cu reactions have been measured for quasi-monoenergetic DD neutrons produced by the UC Berkeley High Flux Neutron Generator (HFNG). The HFNG is a compact neutron generator designed as a "flux-trap" that maximizes the probability that a neutron will interact with a sample loaded into a specific, central location. The study was motivated by interest in the production of 47 Sc and 64 Cu as emerging medical isotopes. The cross sections were measured in ratio to the 113 In(n,n') 113mIn and 115 In(n,n') 115mIn inelastic scattering reactions on co-irradiated indium samples. Post-irradiation counting using an HPGe and LEPS detectors allowed for cross section determination to within 5% uncertainty. The 64 Zn(n,p) 64Cu cross section for 2.76 +0.01−0.02 MeV neutrons is reported as 49.3 ± 2.6 mb (relative to 113 In) or 46.4 ± 1.7 mb (relative to 115 In), and the 47 Ti(n,p) 47 Sc cross section is reported as 26.26 ± 0.82 mb. The measured cross sections are found to be in good agreement with existing measured values but with lower uncertainty (<5%), and also in agreement with theoretical values. This work highlights the utility of compact, flux-trap DD-based neutron sources for nuclear data measurements and potentially the production of radionuclides for medical applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the 64Zn,47Ti(n,p) cross sections using a DD neutron generator for medical isotope studies

Voyles¹,

Basunia²,

Batchelder³

et al. 2017

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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“…The gross features of the decay schemes of the two radionuclides under investigation are known fairly well [5,6,7,8,9,10], though some deficiencies exist in the case of 86 Y. The main decay data are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Nuclear Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Beginning and Development of the Theranostic Approach in Nuclear Medicine, as Exemplified by the Radionuclide Pair 86Y and 90Y

2017

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In the context of radiopharmacy and molecular imaging, the concept of theranostics entails a therapy-accompanying diagnosis with the aim of a patient-specific treatment. Using the adequate diagnostic radiopharmaceutical, the disease and the state of the disease are verified for an individual patient. The other way around, it verifies that the radiopharmaceutical in hand represents a target-specific and selective molecule: the “best one” for that individual patient. Transforming diagnostic imaging into quantitative dosimetric information, the optimum radioactivity (expressed in maximum radiation dose to the target tissue and tolerable dose to healthy organs) of the adequate radiotherapeutical is applied to that individual patient. This theranostic approach in nuclear medicine is traced back to the first use of the radionuclide pair 86Y/90Y, which allowed a combination of PET and internal radiotherapy. Whereas the β-emitting therapeutic radionuclide 90Y (t½ = 2.7 d) had been available for a long time via the 90Sr/90Y generator system, the β+ emitter 86Y (t½ = 14.7 h) had to be developed for medical application. A brief outline of the various aspects of radiochemical and nuclear development work (nuclear data, cyclotron irradiation, chemical processing, quality control, etc.) is given. In parallel, the paper discusses the methodology introduced to quantify molecular imaging of 86Y-labelled compounds in terms of multiple and long-term PET recordings. It highlights the ultimate goal of radiotheranostics, namely to extract the radiation dose of the analogue 90Y-labelled compound in terms of mGy or mSv per MBq 90Y injected. Finally, the current and possible future development of theranostic approaches based on different PET and therapy nuclides is discussed.

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“…Nuclear reactions induced by fast neutrons, fast photons as well as 10 -40 MeV protons and deuterons have been investigated (for recent reviews cf. [9,10]). Nuclear data for some reactions are known [cf.…”

Section: Diagnostic Radionuclidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In two recent reviews the status of decay and production data of some important emerging therapeutic radionuclides has been discussed [cf. 9,10]. The scope of this article is therefore limited to only a few important features related to the three groups of radionuclides, namely low-energy β − emitters, α-emitters and very low-energy electron emitters.…”

Section: Novel Therapeutic Radionuclidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear data for medical applications: An overview of present status and future needs

Syed

2017

EPJ Web Conf.

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Abstract.A brief overview of nuclear data required for medical applications is given. The major emphasis is on radionuclides for internal applications, both for diagnosis and therapy. The status of the presently available data is discussed and some of the emerging needs are outlined. Most of the needs are associated with the development of non-standard positron emitters and novel therapeutic radionuclides. Some new developments in application of radionuclides, e.g. theranostic approach, multimode imaging, radionanoparticles, etc. are described and the related nuclear data needs are discussed. The possible use of newer irradiation technologies for medical radionuclide production, e.g. intermediate energy charged-particle accelerators, high-power electron accelerators for photon production, and spallation neutron sources, will place heavy demands on nuclear data.

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Nuclear data for production and medical application of radionuclides: Present status and future needs

Cited by 147 publications

References 187 publications

Measurement of the 64Zn,47Ti(n,p) cross sections using a DD neutron generator for medical isotope studies

Measurement of the 64Zn,47Ti(n,p) cross sections using a DD neutron generator for medical isotope studies

The Beginning and Development of the Theranostic Approach in Nuclear Medicine, as Exemplified by the Radionuclide Pair 86Y and 90Y

Nuclear data for medical applications: An overview of present status and future needs

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