Nuclear Deoxyribonucleic Acid Metabolism and Membrane Fatty Acid Content Related to Chilling Resistance in Germinating Cotton (<i>Gossypium barbadense</i>)

Clay, Willard F.; Bartkowski, Edmund J.; Katterman, Frank R. H.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1976.tb03985.x

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Although such enhancement of the leakage has not been fully proven at around the lower limit temperatures, Bramlage, Leopold & Parrish (1978) who investigated the chilling stress on soybean embryos during imbibition concluded that chilling injury resulted from abnormal organization of the cell membranes at low temperatures below the phase change ternperature of the membrane phospholipids. The emergence of cotton seeds from cold soil has also been positively correlated with the unsaturated/satur-ated fatty acid ratio of membrane lipids (Clay, Bartkowski & Katterman, 1976). The leakage phenomenon may not necessarily be the cause of germination failure at lower temperatures, but may be a par'allel phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination responses of a non‐dormant seed population of Amaranthus patulus Bertol. to constant temperatures in the sub‐optimal range

Washitani

Takénaka

1984

Plant Cell & Environment

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The germination responses of a nondortnant seed population of Amaranthus patulus Bertol. at constant sub-optimal temperatures in the range of I0-34°C wete analysed through a detailed time-course study. Although a final germination percentage of nearly 100% was attained at temperatures above 18°C, it fell abruptly to zero with decreasing temperature frotn 17 to 10°C. The final germination percentage v. temperature plotted on a normal probability scale yielded a straight line, indicating normality of the lower limit temperature within seed population with an estimated mean of 13.75°C and a standard deviation of 1.50°C. Simple linear relationships were obtained between the temperature and the germination rates, i.e., the reciprocals of the time taken to germinate by the subpopulations with 20-80% germination. The linear relationships were characterized by similar base temperatures or theoretical litnit temperatures of about 11°C but there was a variation in the required 'thermal times' {Q), the distribution of which could be approxitnated for the seed population by the following distribution function: i/.n3 1 iv 1/ 2 where m is the median of the distribution and A is a parameter characterizing the pattern of the distribution. When the gertnination rates were calculated after subtracting 10-14 h ftom the time actually consutned in gertnination, linear Arrhenius relationships were obtained. The appatcnt activation energy estimated from the linear regression of Arrhenius plots was approximately lOOkJmol"' with all 20-80% subpopulations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination responses of a non‐dormant seed population of Amaranthus patulus Bertol. to constant temperatures in the sub‐optimal range

Washitani

Takénaka

1984

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…Amruthesh et al (2005) investigated the role of unsaturated fatty acids in the resistance of pearl millet to downy mildew, and found that its stimulation induced strong plant resistance [2]. Clay et al (2006) found that the host resistance was related to the higher content of unsaturated fatty acids in the nuclear membrane of resistant species on Gossypium barbadense [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Targeted Metabolite Analyses and Transcriptomics to Reveal Specific Chemical Composition and Associated Genes in Resistant Soybean Infected with Soybean Cyst Nematode

Xue

Chen

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines is one of the most devastating pathogens on soybean and causes severe annual yield loss worldwide. Different soybean varieties exhibit different responses to soybean cyst nematode infection at various levels, such as genomic, transcriptional, proteomic, and metabolomic levels. However, there were not yet any reports on the differential responses of resistant and susceptible soybeans infected with soybean cyst nematode by combining the metabolomic analyses and transcriptomics.Results: In this study, a highly-resistant variety PI 437654 and three susceptible varieties Williams 82, Zhonghuang 13 and Hefeng 47 were used as the test materials to clarify the differences in metabolites and transcriptomics between resistant and susceptible soybeans before and after SCN infection. A local metabolite-calibrated database was used to identify potential differential metabolites, and the differences of metabolites and metabolic pathways were compared between the resistant and susceptible soybean varieties after inoculation with SCN. Totally, 37 differential metabolites and 20 KEGG metabolic pathways were identified, which were divided into three categories including the metabolites/pathways overlapped among resistant and susceptible soybeans, specific in susceptible or resistant soybeans, respectively. Twelve differential metabolites were found to be involved in predicted KEGG metabolite pathways. Moreover, 14 specifically differential metabolites such as significantly up-regulated nicotine and down-regulated D-aspartic acid, and their involved KEGG pathways such as tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolisms, sphingolipid metabolism and arginine biosynthesis were significantly changed and abundantly enriched in the resistant soybean, and likely played pivotal roles in defensing against SCN infection. Three key metabolites including N-acetyltranexamic acid, nicotine, and D, L-typotophan, which were found to be significantly up-regulated in the resistant soybean PI437654 infected by SCN, classified into two types and used for combination analyses with the transcriptomic expression profiling. Associated genes were predicted, and suggested their likely biological processes, cellular component, molecular function and involved pathways. Conclusions: Our results not only found out the potential novel metabolites and associated genes in the resistant response of soybean to soybean cyst nematode, but also provided new insights into the interactions between soybean and soybean cyst nematode.

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“…For germinating seeds, low temperature interferes with the ability of the embryo to be transformed from a quiescent body into a metabolically active organ [10], resulting in failure of germination and poor growth vigour. Chilling-resistant cultivars can stand the low temperature imbibition and germinate well, whereas the seed germination process is severely affected in chilling sensitive phenotypes [18][19][20][21][22]. Cheng et al [23] observed that the soybean seeds imbibed at 22°C germinated within 24 h, whereas seeds imbibed at 4°C did not germinate within 24 h. When transferred to 22°C, germination was observed in about 20% of the seeds.…”

Section: Low Temperature Effects Seed Germinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Germination Fitness for Sub-Physiological Temperatures in Plants

Javeed¹,

Cheng²,

Song³

et al. 2012

Int J Mol Biol

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Abstract-Germination is a key event in plant life cycle and imbibition temperature is an important factor for the major reorganization processes in the germinating seeds. Sub-physiological temperature at this stage affects virtually all aspects of cellular function including protein folding, kinetic parameters of membrane fluidity, protein assembly, and general metabolic processes. In this article we will review the research which has been carried out to decipher the basic mechanisms of low temperature (LT) stress with special emphasis on germination. With the better understanding of LT tolerance in some plant species we will also discuss how these attributes can be transferred in the important food crops to attain better germination stamina at sub-physiological temperatures. At germination stage, the cellular machinery in the embryo is not at its proper place and is going through reorganisation and any environmental severity has devastating effects on the fragile plant. But LT resistant species have evolved the ability to acclimatise, with the remodelling of cell and tissue structures and the reprogramming of metabolism and gene expression. Metabolic networks are redirected towards the synthesis of cryoprotectant molecules, which in association with other proteins bring about physical and biochemical restructuring of cell membranes through changes in the lipid composition and induction of other non-enzymatic proteins that alter the freezing point of water. Genetic engineering of crops for enhanced seed germination performance will certainly help to achieve optimum agricultural yields.. Germination physiology in low temperatureAll environmental stresses disrupt the normal functioning of a living system. To re-establish metabolic homeostasis, living systems require an adjustment of metabolic pathways in a process usually referred to as acclimation. For temperate plants, low temperature (LT) is a major non-living element of the environmental that affects water and nutrient uptake, membrane fluidity and protein and nucleic acid conformation, drastically influencing cellular metabolism directly by reducing the rates of biochemical reactions [1], accompanied by changes in the transcriptome, proteome and metabolome [2]. Chilling temperatures (0 to 15°C) frequently occur in nature and affect many species of plants, especially those of tropical origin (such as rice, corn, tomato and soybean), by causing wilting, chlorosis, or necrosis, thus restricting their growth and development. Metabolic rates are lowered which create energy imbalance. Freezing (0°C and below) temperatures cause membrane injury [3], decrease the respiration rate and ATP content [4], resulting in poor germination, reduced seedling emergence, decreased seedling vigour, and ultimately severe loss in yield of the food crops of tropical and subtropical origins [5][6][7][8][9]. Embryos, excised from seed coats of soybeans, leak profusely during the first minutes of imbibition. In the embryos imbibed at 10°C or lower, disproportionately more solutes leak ...

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Nuclear Deoxyribonucleic Acid Metabolism and Membrane Fatty Acid Content Related to Chilling Resistance in Germinating Cotton (Gossypium barbadense)

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Germination responses of a non‐dormant seed population of Amaranthus patulus Bertol. to constant temperatures in the sub‐optimal range

Germination responses of a non‐dormant seed population of Amaranthus patulus Bertol. to constant temperatures in the sub‐optimal range

Combining Targeted Metabolite Analyses and Transcriptomics to Reveal Specific Chemical Composition and Associated Genes in Resistant Soybean Infected with Soybean Cyst Nematode

Engineering Germination Fitness for Sub-Physiological Temperatures in Plants

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