Nuclear Ignition of White Dwarf Stars by Relativistic Encounters with Rotating Intermediate Mass Black Holes

Anninos, Peter; Hoffman, Robert D.; Grewal, Manvir; Lavell, Michael J.; Fragile, P. Chris

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab4ae0

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…follow the gas motion far from the BH with Newtonian methods and near the BH with relativistic hydrodynamics similar to approach d) (e.g. Shiokawa et al 2015;Sadowski et al 2016); h) start from a Kerr metric, but include the stellar (white dwarf) contributions to the scalar curvature components in the metric (Anninos et al 2019) to approximate the stellar self-gravity. This (expensive) correction is switchedoff close to the black hole.…”

Section: Hydrodynamics and Gravity Challenges And Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this model, both Fe-group and intermediate-mass elements are produced. Interestingly, the black hole spin does not have much (if any) impact on the nucleosynthesis (Anninos et al 2019). Some observed Ca-rich transients have been suggested to originate from the tidal disruption of white dwarf by a IMBH and it is found that Ca-rich debris can be produced for low β systems.…”

Section: Nucleosynthetic Predictions Of Detonationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tidal Disruptions of White Dwarfs: Theoretical Models and Observational Prospects

et al. 2020

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White dwarf stars that enter the tidal radius of black holes with masses < ∼ 10 5 M are doomed to be ripped apart by tidal forces. Black holes in this mass range between stellar black holes and supermassive black holes have not been conclusively identified so the detection of a tidal disruption of a white dwarf would provide clear evidence for the existence of intermediatemass black holes. In this review, we present a theoretical and observational overview of the transient events that result from the tidal disruptions of white dwarfs by intermediate-mass black holes. This includes discussion of the latest simulations and predicted properties, the results of observational searches, as well as a summary of the potential for gravitational wave emission to be detected with upcoming missions.

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Section: Hydrodynamics and Gravity Challenges And Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nucleosynthetic Predictions Of Detonationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tidal Disruptions of White Dwarfs: Theoretical Models and Observational Prospects

et al. 2020

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“…LISA and the next generation of gravitational wave observatories should also be able to find IMBHs in Milky Way globular clusters and the Local Volume (Arca-Sedda et al, 2020). • The violent tidal disruption of white dwarf stars by IMBHs can trigger calcium-rich supernovae, spurring the nucleosynthesis of iron-group elements, and are capable of generating observable electromagnetic and gravitational-wave energies (Rees, 1988;Haas et al, 2012;MacLeod et al, 2016;Andreoni et al, 2017Andreoni et al, , 2020Kuns et al, 2020;Anninos et al, 2019;Malyali et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refining the mass estimate for the intermediate-mass black hole candidate in NGC 3319

Davis,

Graham

2021

Preprint

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Recent X-ray observations by Jiang et al. have identified an active galactic nucleus (AGN) in the bulgeless spiral galaxy NGC 3319, located just 14.3 ± 1.1 Mpc away, and suggest the presence of an intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH; 10 2 ≤ M•/M ≤ 10 5 ) if the Eddington ratios are as high as 3 to 3 × 10 −3 . In an effort to refine the black hole mass for this (currently) rare class of object, we have explored multiple black hole mass scaling relations, such as those involving the (not previously used) velocity dispersion, logarithmic spiral-arm pitch angle, total galaxy stellar mass, nuclear star cluster mass, rotational velocity, and colour of NGC 3319, to obtain ten mass estimates, of differing accuracy. We have calculated a mass of 3.14 +7.02 −2.20 × 10 4 M , with a confidence of 84% that it is ≤10 5 M , based on the combined probability density function from seven of these individual estimates. Our conservative approach excluded two black hole mass estimates (via the nuclear star cluster mass, and the fundamental plane of black hole activity -which only applies to black holes with low accretion rates) that were upper limits of ∼10 5 M , and it did not use the M•-L 2−10 keV relation's prediction of ∼10 5 M . This target provides an exceptional opportunity to study an IMBH in AGN mode and advance our demographic knowledge of black holes. Furthermore, we introduce our novel method of meta-analysis as a beneficial technique for identifying new IMBH candidates by quantifying the probability that a galaxy possesses an IMBH.

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“…Tidal disruptions (TDs) of white dwarf (WD) stars by intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) create hot dense environments capable of initiating thermonuclear detonations and producing isotopically rich material composed of both intermediate and heavy (iron-group) nuclei (Luminet & Pichon 1989;Wilson & Mathews 2004;Rosswog et al 2009;Kawana et al 2017;Tanikawa et al 2017;Anninos et al 2018Anninos et al , 2019. The compressive forces exerted by near encounters with 10 3 -10 4 M e BHs drive WD cores to temperatures and densities in excess of 10 9 kelvin and 10 7 g cm −3 , where helium and carbon/oxygen burning become efficient relative to hydrodynamic relaxation timescales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolution Study of Thermonuclear Initiation in White Dwarf Tidal Disruption Events

Anninos¹,

Camarda²,

Brooke³

et al. 2022

ApJ

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We study the initiation of thermonuclear detonations in tidally disrupted white dwarf stars by intermediate-mass (103 M ⊙) black holes. The length scales required to resolve the initiation mechanism are not easily reached in 3D, so instead we have devised 2D proxy models, which, together with a logarithmic gridding strategy, can adequately capture detonation wave fronts as material undergoes simultaneous compression and stretching from tidal forces. We consider 0.15 and 0.6 M ⊙ white dwarf stars parameterized by tidal strengths in the range β = 4–23. High spatial resolution elucidates the manner and conditions leading to thermonuclear detonation, linking the initiation sequence to stellar composition and tidal strength. All of our models suffer sustained detonations triggered by a combination of adiabatic compression, mild thermonuclear preconditioning, and collisional heating, in degrees depending primarily on tidal strength. We find that many diagnostics, such as temperature, total released energy, and iron-group products, are fairly well converged (better than 10%) at resolutions below 10 km along the scale height of the orbital plane. The exceptions are intermediate-mass transients like calcium, which remain uncertain up to factors of 2, even at 1 km resolution.

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Nuclear Ignition of White Dwarf Stars by Relativistic Encounters with Rotating Intermediate Mass Black Holes

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

Tidal Disruptions of White Dwarfs: Theoretical Models and Observational Prospects

Tidal Disruptions of White Dwarfs: Theoretical Models and Observational Prospects

Refining the mass estimate for the intermediate-mass black hole candidate in NGC 3319

Resolution Study of Thermonuclear Initiation in White Dwarf Tidal Disruption Events

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