Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging in Chronic Schizophrenia

Besson, J. A. O.; Corrigan, F. M.; Cherryman, G.R.; Smith, Francis W.

doi:10.1192/bjp.150.2.161

Cited by 73 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The mean pretreatment ( f 1 SD) T I and T2 values for white matter were 450 (9) and 73 (3) respectively. These values from the thalamus were 675 ( 13) and 83 (2). No significant change was found in either T I or T2 at any time after the commencement of methylprednisolone.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

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The effect of chlorpromazine and methylprednisolone on NMR relaxation times in the normal cat brain

Barnes¹,

Harvey²,

McDonald³

et al. 1991

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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This small experimental study describes the effects on the NMR relaxation times in normal cat brain of a 5-day course of high dose methylprednisolone and, separately, a 1-month course of standard dose daily chlorpromazine. Methylprednisolone had no influence on T1 or T2 in these tissues, but chlorpromazine produced a transient fall of T1 of thalamus, and rise in T2 of white matter: both normalize after 4 weeks. The mechanism of these changes is unknown. It is concluded that these drugs should not interfere with the quantitative MRI monitoring of brain abnormalities in patients receiving them, although the unlikely occurrence of longer term effects of chlorpromazine has not been excluded.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Such alterations have been reported in most brain disorders, for example multiple sclerosis (MS) ( l o ) , dementia ( 3 ) , and schizophrenia (2). The measurement of T I and T2 is a potentially valuable means of monitoring the influence of drug treatment on the natural history of brain abnormalities in patients with these conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of chlorpromazine and methylprednisolone on NMR relaxation times in the normal cat brain

Barnes¹,

Harvey²,

McDonald³

et al. 1991

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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“…(We have also recently found a relationship between third ventricle enlargement and reduced premorbid heart rate levels in the same subjects, suggesting that third ventricle enlargement is related to a generalized deficit in excitatory autonomic acitivty (48).) These findings are of interest particularly in light of evidence linking decreased autonomic responsiveness and ventricular enlargement to the negative symptom complex (49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58). It is important to note that not all studies have found significantly more negative symptoms in schizophrenics who are electrodermal nonresponders or who have enlarged ventricles (34,(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64)(65)(66).…”

Section: Etiological and Phenomenological Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Previous reports of the project found that the interaction of genetic risk for schizophrenia and delivery complications significantly predicted the adult ventriculomegaly scores of the sample (17, 28), and that enlargement of the third ventricle was related to a significant reduction in ANS responsiveness measured during adolescence (47,48). Other work with schizophrenics has independently linked a preponderance of negative symptoms to electrodermal nonresponsiveness and to enlargement of the ventricular system (49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58). These findings suggest that perinatal damage to diencephalic and/or limbic structures involved in excitatory autonomic functioning may be part of the basis of predominantly negative-symptom schizophrenia.…”

Section: An Empirical Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

The schizophrenia high‐risk project in Copenhagen: three decades of progress

Cannon¹,

Mednick

1993

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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We describe the design, theoretical approach and major recent findings of a prospective longitudinal study of the offspring of schizophrenic mothers and controls, initiated in 1962 by Sarnoff Mednick and Fini Schulsinger in Copenhagen, Denmark. Over 90% of the original 207 high‐risk and 104 low‐risk subjects have been successfully followed up since the initial assessment. At the time of the most recent assessment (1989), the subjects averaged 42 years of age and were nearly completely through the risk period for developing schizophrenia. By relating the lifetime psychiatric diagnoses of the subjects back to information on their premorbid experiences and functioning, we have identified several precursors of schizophrenia. This paper reviews our recent findings concerning whether outcomes of schizophrenia that differ in the relative prominence of negative versus positive symptoms represent discrete longitudinal syndromes. Predominantly negative and predominantly positive symptom schizophrenia were found to follow different patterns of symptom development from adolescence through the adult course of illness and were predicted by different combinations of genetic and environmental influences. Taken together, the findings suggest that the pathological processes underlying these two forms of schizophrenia are 1) partly independent of each other, 2) at least partly active during the premorbid state and 3) to some degree stable in the adult course of illness.

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“…Mais de cem artigos foram selecionados e, entre eles, 59 eram estudos que relacionaram psicopatologia com neuroimagem estrutural na esquizofrenia. Destes, 16 foram incluídos nas duas metanálises 1,6,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] e três foram incluídos somente na metanálise II [36][37][38] (Tabelas 1 e 2). Quarenta estudos foram considerados relevantes, mas não foram incluídos devido à impossibilidade de extração de dados (disponíveis se requisitados ao primeiro autor).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified