Nuclear proliferation treaty weapons in the aspect of contemporary problems international relations

Abstract

Problem setting. The article clarifies some of the features of the international legal regime for the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons, outlines the related problems associated with the category of «extraordinary events» to which a state party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (hereinafter - NPT) is considered the basis for termination of its participation in the Treaty. The purpose of this work is a general study and analysis of the specific features of the NPT. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: 1) conduct an legal analysis of the norms enshrined in the NPT; 2) study the controversial theoretical aspects of understanding the category of «extraordinary events» 3) reveal the essence and analyze the constituent elements of the NPT. Analysis of recent research. Given the high relevance of nuclear non-proliferation in the context of supporting international security, this topic attracts the attention of many domestic and foreign scientists. At the dissertation level the issues of nuclear non-proliferation in world politics (Galka S. P.), international regulation of nuclear material transfers (Lvovin A. V.) were studied. As one of the factors in the formation of international relations, nuclear weapons were considered in the works of Bobro D. G., Telenko O. M., Sinovets P. A., Akhtamazyan I. A., and others. Among the foreign doctrine of the legal status of nuclear-weapon states, the role of the United Nations in nuclear disarmament, the conditions of nuclear stability are reflected in the works of Harsh V. P., Perkovich J., Buchanan J. M. and others. Article’s main body. The article presents a detailed analysis of international law and the views of scholars and specialists in this field, discusses current theoretical and applied issues of the NPT. In particular, attention is paid to the analysis of the category of extraordinary events as a basis for withdrawal from the NPT. Conclusions. Due to the peculiarities of the international nuclear non-proliferation regime, we can state that its regulatory framework, which is based on the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, contains many contradictory norms and shortcomings. The main imperfection is the existence in the norms of the NPT of the assessment category of «extraordinary events», which is the basis for withdrawal from the Treaty. It threatens the very essence of nuclear non-proliferation as an international regime in general. The category of «extraordinary events» as a basis for withdrawal, the NPT does not exempt any levers of restraint of the state party in the Treaty, and when recording the facts of breach of contract, the latter may unreasonably withdraw from it by pointing to the concept of extraordinary events, which are usually interpreted and do not require any evidence to substantiate their authenticity.

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“…In his opinion, the status of safety and sustainability can be ensured by guarantees of signatory countries that create international agreements on nuclear policy regulation. Some researchers have presented a view on the peculiarities of the international legal regime of nuclear non-proliferation, outlining related issues related to the category of "exceptional circumstances", which are referred to by a state party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, NPT (1968), as a basis for termination of its participation in the Treaty ( Okladnaya & Zal, 2020).…”

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