Nuclear Reactions of Arsenic with 190-Mev Deuterons

Hopkins, H.H.; Cunningham, B.B.

doi:10.1103/physrev.73.1406

Cited by 46 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Additional modifications have recently been suggested for interpreting sub-barrier breakup measurements [323,324]. The role of (i) prompt and delayed, direct breakup, and (ii) transfer-triggered breakup modes on incomplete fusion of 6 Li + 209 Bi collisions at energies above the Coulomb barrier has been addressed with an extended version of platypus [341]. For instance, prompt breakup happens in the instant the excitation of the 6 Li projectile is chosen to take place.…”

Section: Incomplete Fusion Of Light Weakly Bound Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of (i) prompt and delayed, direct breakup, and (ii) transfer-triggered breakup modes on incomplete fusion of 6 Li + 209 Bi collisions at energies above the Coulomb barrier has been addressed with an extended version of platypus [341]. For instance, prompt breakup happens in the instant the excitation of the 6 Li projectile is chosen to take place. At this point 6 Li is converted into its cluster fragments (alpha-deuteron) and then the fragments and target propagate according to the defined interactions between them [335].…”

Section: Incomplete Fusion Of Light Weakly Bound Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, prompt breakup happens in the instant the excitation of the 6 Li projectile is chosen to take place. At this point 6 Li is converted into its cluster fragments (alpha-deuteron) and then the fragments and target propagate according to the defined interactions between them [335]. Delayed breakup is induced by reaching the 1 + , 2 + or 3 + resonant states in 6 Li, which then triggers the dissociation of 6 Li with the delay coming from the half-life of the resonant 6 Li state.…”

Section: Incomplete Fusion Of Light Weakly Bound Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discovery of nuclear fission in the late 1930s [4,5] entailed the observation of numerous neutron-rich fission fragments with mass numbers in a wide region around A = 100. The mechanism of spallation/fragmentation was discovered in the mid-1940s [6] and later turned out to be very efficient for the production of isotopes all-over the chart of nuclides up to uranium. Around the same time, the upcoming powerful new accelerator facilities enabled fusion reactions with heavy ions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to extend the chart of nuclides?

et al. 2020

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In the past 85 years the number of known nuclides increased by more than a factor of ten, resulting in 4000 presently known isotopes of 118 elements. This considerable progress we owe to the discovery of new reaction types along with the development of powerful accelerators and experimental techniques for separation and identification of reaction products. Model predictions indicate that still about 4000 further nuclides are waiting for their discovery. The vastest unexplored territory is located on the neutron-rich side in the upper half of the chart of nuclides and hides the answers to some of the most fundamental questions of nuclear physics like the limits of nuclear stability, element synthesis in the universe or stellar evolution. The access to these nuclei is presently limited by available beam intensities and/or the lack of appropriate methods for their production and identification. The latter concerns particularly new neutron-rich isotopes of transuranium and superheavy elements. To extend this area, the hope is presently based on multinucleon transfer reactions and on the application of fusion reactions with radioactive ion beams. But how promising are these approaches? Based on a survey of present-day knowledge, we will treat the questions where we currently are on our journey towards new territory on the chart of nuclides, how the chances are to gain new territory in the future and which challenges we will have to face.

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Section: Incomplete Fusion Of Light Weakly Bound Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Incomplete Fusion Of Light Weakly Bound Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Incomplete Fusion Of Light Weakly Bound Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to extend the chart of nuclides?

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“…In 1950 Hopkins et al obtained Ge 68 isotope through spallation reactions in bombardment of arsenic with 190-MeV deuterons. He reported a half-life of 250 days and decay by electron capture [4,5].…”

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Positron source Ge‐68 through copper and bronze irradiated by carbon ions

Srivastava

Agrawal

Singh

et al. 2009

Phys. Status Solidi (c)

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This communication reports on the formation of radioactive germanium isotope (G68) in copper (Cu) and bronze irradiated with Carbon ions (70MeV, 700 nA for 20 h) at the pelletron facility at TIFR, Mumbai. The irradiated targets were analyzed by gamma spectroscopy using HPGe detector and end point energy using GM counter. By analysis of gamma spectrum, it has been observed that Ge68 isotope along with some other isotopes like Se75 (119 days), Ge66 (2.26 days), Ga74 (8.12 minutes), As69 (15.2 minutes), Co60 (1925days), Zn65 (243days), Ga68 (67.7 minutes) were formed as estimated by PACE Code calculations. These results show that both Cu and bronze have contributed to Ge68 production but the irradiated bronze is found to form a good positron emitter in comparison to that of irradiated copper. The beta end point energy of Ge68 estimated by GM counter has been found to be 1.80 MeV. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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Spallation and Charged-Particle Induced Fission

Thoennessen

2016

The Discovery of Isotopes

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Nuclear Reactions of Arsenic with 190-Mev Deuterons

Abstract: This }locument containsL.pages and () plates~of figures.

Cited by 46 publications

References 3 publications

How to extend the chart of nuclides?

How to extend the chart of nuclides?

Positron source Ge‐68 through copper and bronze irradiated by carbon ions

Spallation and Charged-Particle Induced Fission

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