Nuclear β-decays in plasmas: how to correlate plasma density and temperature to the activity

Naselli, E.; Caliri, Claudia; Castro, G.; Celona, L.; Galatà, A.; Gammino, S.; Mazzaglia, M.; Romano, Francesco; Torrisi, G.; Santonocito, D.; Cosentino, Gianluigi; Amaducci, S.

doi:10.1051/epjconf/202022702006

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It ranged between 0.1% and 0.2% depending on the energy of the γ-rays to be detected (see Figure 5). Although this value seems to be rather low, GEANT4 simulations showed that such an array has the potential to detect the expected variation of the radionuclide half-lives after a measurement time ranging from a couple of weeks for the simplest cases to about 3 months for the longer-living isotopes, as a function of the ionization degree [6,15] (see also Section 4).…”

Section: Hpge Gamma Ray Detectors' Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Approach to β-Decay: PANDORA, a New Experimental Setup for Future In-Plasma Measurements

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Theoretical predictions as well as experiments performed at storage rings have shown that the lifetimes of β-radionuclides can change significantly as a function of the ionization state. In this paper we describe an innovative approach, based on the use of a compact plasma trap to emulate selected stellar-like conditions. It has been proposed within the PANDORA project (Plasmas for Astrophysics, Nuclear Decay Observation and Radiation for Archaeometry) with the aim to measure, for the first time in plasma, nuclear β-decay rates of radionuclides involved in nuclear-astrophysics processes. To achieve this task, a compact magnetic plasma trap has been designed to reach the needed plasma densities, temperatures, and charge-states distributions. A multi-diagnostic setup will monitor, on-line, the plasma parameters, which will be correlated with the decay rate of the radionuclides. The latter will be measured through the detection of the γ-rays emitted by the excited daughter nuclei following the β-decay. An array of 14 HPGe detectors placed around the trap will be used to detect the emitted γ-rays. For the first experimental campaign three isotopes, 176Lu, 134Cs, and 94Nb, were selected as possible physics cases. The newly designed plasma trap will also represent a tool of choice to measure the plasma opacities in a broad spectrum of plasma conditions, experimentally poorly known but that have a great impact on the energy transport and spectroscopic observations of many astrophysical objects. Status and perspectives of the project will be highlighted in the paper.

show abstract

Section: Hpge Gamma Ray Detectors' Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Approach to β-Decay: PANDORA, a New Experimental Setup for Future In-Plasma Measurements

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The PANDORA project [120,121] proposes a new approach to measure, for the first time, in-plasma nuclear β-decays of isotopes of astrophysical interest (e.g. relevant for r-and s-process nucleosynthesis chain), covering different plasma densities n e and temperatures T e [122]. Theoretical predictions and former experiments on fully stripped ions have shown that the ionization state can modify, even of several orders of magnitudes, the isotopes lifetimes [123][124][125][126].…”

Section: Pandora: Plasma For Astrophysics Nuclear Decays Observation ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The overall structure of PANDORA experimental setup consists of three main pillars (see also Sect. 2.4.5): Magnetic Trap, Array of 14 HPGe detectors and Plasma multi-diagnostics system [122,223].…”

Section: Pandora: Ion Identification With X-ray Spectroscopy and Isot...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in particle and nuclei identification techniques in nuclear physics experiments

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Particle identification techniques are fundamental tools in nuclear physics experiments. Discriminating particles or nuclei produced in nuclear interactions allows to better understand the underlying physics mechanisms. The energy interval of these reactions is very broad, from sub-eV up to TeV. For this reason, many different identification approaches have been developed, often combining two or more observables. This paper reviews several of these techniques with emphasis on the expertise gained within the current nuclear physics scientific program of the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN).

show abstract

“…More in detail, the experimental approach consists in determining a direct correlation of the plasma properties with the nuclear decay itself. This will be achieved by simultaneously identifying and discriminating, via a multi-diagnostic system, the γ-ray products following β-decays from unstable isotopes and the photons self-emitted by the plasma (Naselli et al 2019(Naselli et al , 2020. PANDORA has been designed in order to maintain the radionuclides in a dynamical equilibrium for several days or even weeks.…”

Section: Foreseen Experimental Revisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presolar grain isotopic ratios as constraints to nuclear and stellar parameters of AGB nucleosynthesis

Palmerini,

Busso,

Vescovi

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent models for evolved Low Mass Stars (with M 3 M ), undergoing the AGB phase assume that magnetic flux-tube buoyancy drives the formation of 13 C reservoirs in He-rich layers. We illustrate their crucial properties, showing how the low abundance of 13 C generated below the convective envelope hampers the formation of primary 14 N and the ensuing synthesis of intermediate-mass nuclei, like 19 F and 22 Ne. In the mentioned models, their production is therefore of a purely secondary nature. Shortage of primary 22 Ne has also important effects in reducing the neutron density. Another property concerns AGB winds, which are likely to preserve C-rich subcomponents, isolated by magnetic tension, even when the envelope composition is O-rich. Conditions for the formation of C-rich compounds are therefore found in stages earlier than previously envisaged. These issues, together with the uncertainties related to several nuclear physics quantities, are discussed in the light of the isotopic admixtures of s-process elements in presolar SiC grains of stellar origin, which provide important and precise constraints to the otherwise uncertain parameters. By comparing nucleosynthesis results with measured SiC data, it is argued that such a detailed series of constraints indicates the need for

show abstract

Nuclear β-decays in plasmas: how to correlate plasma density and temperature to the activity

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

A Novel Approach to β-Decay: PANDORA, a New Experimental Setup for Future In-Plasma Measurements

A Novel Approach to β-Decay: PANDORA, a New Experimental Setup for Future In-Plasma Measurements

Trends in particle and nuclei identification techniques in nuclear physics experiments

Presolar grain isotopic ratios as constraints to nuclear and stellar parameters of AGB nucleosynthesis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About