Nucleation and crystallization of CaCO3 in applied magnetic fields

Kobe, Spomenka; Dražić, Goran; Cefalas, A.C.; Sarantopoulou, E.; Stražišar, J.

doi:10.1016/s1463-0184(02)00035-7

Cited by 83 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In terms of the morphology, CaCO 3 particles may be amorphous and polymorphous as crystals of calcite, aragonite and vaterite. Ahn et al [17], Kobe et al [18] and Knez et al [19] using calco-carbonic solution for the investigation of CaCO 3 morphology found that there is an increase of aragonite crystals in aqueous phase under magnetic strength above 10 kG. Similar work by Chibowski et al [20] using solutions of Na 2 CO 3 and CaCl 2 did not produce significant increase of aragonite in aqueous phase.…”

Section: September 2008mentioning

confidence: 76%

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Effects of magnetic field on calcium carbonate precipitation: Ionic and particle mechanisms

Saksono

Gozan

Bismo

et al. 2008

Korean J. Chem. Eng.

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There are two most widely reported mechanisms to study the effect of magnetic fields on calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) precipitate, namely ionic and particle mechanisms. The effects are most debatable because they are contrary to each other. This study explored the effects of both mechanisms in CaCO 3 deposit and total CaCO 3 precipitation using ionic and particle methods. The ionic method showed reductions in CaCO 3 deposit and total precipitation rate of CaCO 3 , whereas the particle method showed the opposite results. The particle number decreased and the average particle diameter of CaCO 3 deposit increased in the ionic method. Meanwhile in the particle method, the particle number increased, average particle diameter decreased and particle aggregation of CaCO 3 was observed. XRD measurement on all deposits showed that the crystal deposit was mostly of calcite and the traces of vaterite. However, the amount of the crystal in the particle method was observed to be less than that in the ionic method, indicating that CaCO 3 deposit was more amorphous. Particle mechanism decreased the Ca 2+ ion concentration in solution during magnetization, and ionic mechanism reduced scale (CaCO 3 ) formation after magnetization and separation processes. This method could be applied for decreasing water hardness and prevent the formation of scaling.

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Section: September 2008mentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Kobe at al. [18] suggest that the ground electronic state of calcite is much lower than aragonite. Consequently, the Ca 2+ and CO 3 2− ions should have higher kinetic energies to overcome the repulsive forces of the potential barrier in order to form aragonite rather than calcite.…”

Section: Calcium Carbonate Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of magnetic field on calcium carbonate precipitation: Ionic and particle mechanisms

Saksono

Gozan

Bismo

et al. 2008

Korean J. Chem. Eng.

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show abstract

“…For this reason, no effect can be expected if the water does not move. Calculations conducted by Kobe et al [21] supported this theory. His calculations suggested that the energy (28 eV), which is required to bridge the gap between the ground electronic states of the calcite and the aragonite forms, can only be provided by a magnetic field of 45 T. However, the presence of strong electric and magnetic fields is inherent in the motion of the fluid and the fluid can exchange energy with the electromagnetic field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Effect of Magnetic Treatment on Water Permeability Through a Semi-Permeable Membrane

Zlotopolski¹

2017

AJWSE

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Abstract:Magnetic water treatment devices (MWT), while attractive because of their safety, simplicity, environmental friendliness and effectiveness in agriculture have been difficult to assess scientifically because a single, generally accepted, repeatable and measurable indicator of their decree of impact on the physical properties of water, has not been discovered. Experimental results have shown that MWT offers many agricultural benefits and that magnetically-treated water can more easily penetrate various media such as membranes, which are generally considered excellent proxies for plant cell walls. This study evaluated how MWT changes permeability through a semi-permeable membrane, how that change is impacted by flow velocity and proposed membrane permeability as a reliable indicator of MWT effectiveness. Results obtained from this study indicated that MWT changed permeability through a semi-permeable membrane and these changes depended on water flow velocity. Results further indicated that the permeability differential in the MWT treatment group decreased by almost 9% at low-flow velocities (laminar regime; Re<1000) to 2.3% at the high-flow velocities, compared to control (turbulent regime; Re>4000). At low-flow velocities, the electro-conductivity of MWT and the control group were statistically different at p ≤ 0.01. However, at higher-flow velocities, the difference between MWT and the control group was smaller and a statistically sufficient level was reached only at p ≤ 0.05 and p ≤ 0.10. The differences observed between the low, and high-flow velocity treatment groups was somewhat expected as high flow rates reduce the retention time of water in the treatment area and thus reduces the efficiency of magnetic treatment. These results also provide a clear indication that water has been impacted by MWT and demonstrate the degree that water has been impacted by MWT under various flow rates.

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“…It has been demonstrated in recent years that magnetic fields influence the physicochemical properties of water and aqueous solutions and suspensions [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Different hypotheses for the influence of magnetic fields on water and aqueous solutions have been extensively studied [25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Effect of A Magnetic Field on Pb(II) Removal Using Modified Chitosan

Duan¹,

Guo²,

Yang³

2012

ACES

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This work examined the removal of Pb(II) using a chitosan derivative (SB, synthesized from benzaldehyde) assisted by a magnetic field. The adsorption capacity for Pb(II) was investigated. It was found that 1) the pH and concentration of the ion solution, as well as exposure time and strength of magnetic field, affected the degree of adsorption; and 2) studies of the adsorption isotherms and kinetics of ions onto SB revealed that SB showed enhanced adsorption capacity towards Pb(II) ions in a magnetic field compared with magnetically untreated samples. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm were applied to describe the experimental adsorption, and the maximum adsorption capacity of SB for Pb(II) was 2.5040 mg/g, when assisted by a magnetic field of 480 kA/m.

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Nucleation and crystallization of CaCO3 in applied magnetic fields

Cited by 83 publications

References 5 publications

Effects of magnetic field on calcium carbonate precipitation: Ionic and particle mechanisms

Effects of magnetic field on calcium carbonate precipitation: Ionic and particle mechanisms

Effect of Magnetic Treatment on Water Permeability Through a Semi-Permeable Membrane

Study on the Effect of A Magnetic Field on Pb(II) Removal Using Modified Chitosan

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