Nucleation and growth of sodium colloids in NaCl under irradiation: theory and experiment

Dubinko, V.I.; Turkin, A. A.; Abyzov, Alexander S.; Sugonyako, A.V.; Vainshtein, D.I.; Hartog, H. W. den

doi:10.1002/pssc.200460202

Cited by 2 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Leapman and Sun (1995) calculated that the electron irradiation-induced bubbles of hydrogen gas formed within vitreous ice have a pressure of about 10 8 N/m 2 (≈1,000 bars). Dubinko et al (1999, 2005) estimated that chlorine gas bubbles formed within irradiated sodium chloride crystals have pressures in the GPa range. During further irradiation, such extremely high gas pressures should facilitate either an explosive fracture of bubbles and their enveloping matrix, redissolution of gas molecules into the surrounding matrix, or release of the bubble contents into the high vacuum at the free face of the matrix.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considerable details and theories have been published to explain the genesis of radiation damage observed in ice (Heide & Zeitler, 1985; Dubochet et al, 1988; Leapman & Sun, 1995; Comolli & Downing, 2005), inorganic particles (Potapov et al, 2007), metal halide crystals (Dubinko et al, 1999, 2005), metal-carbon bilayer films (Egerton et al, 2006), nuclear waste glasses (Sun et al, 2005), polymers (Loo et al, 2005), proteins (Henderson, 1995; Glaeser, 1999), and silicate glasses (Jiang & Silcox, 2002; Jiang et al, 2003; Ollier et al, 2006). However, there appears to be only limited information available about electron radiation damage to amorphous light-atom materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electron Beam-Induced Radiation Damage: The Bubbling Response in Amorphous Dried Sodium Phosphate Buffer

Massover

2010

Microsc Microanal

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Irradiation of an amorphous layer of dried sodium phosphate buffer (pH = 7.0) by transmission electron microscopy (100-120 kV) causes rapid formation of numerous small spherical bubbles [10-100 A (= 1-10 nm)] containing an unknown gas. Bubbling is detected even with the first low-dose exposure. In a thin layer (ca. 100-150 A), bubbling typically goes through nucleation, growth, possible fusion, and end-state, after which further changes are not apparent; co-irradiated adjacent areas having a slightly smaller thickness never develop bubbles. In moderately thicker regions (ca. over 200 A), there is no end-state. Instead, a complex sequence of microstructural changes is elicited during continued intermittent high-dose irradiation: nucleation, growth, early simple fusions, a second round of extensive multiple fusions, general reduction of matrix thickness (producing flattening and expansion of larger bubbles, occasional bubble fission, and formation of very large irregularly-shaped bubbles by a third round of compound fusion events), and slow shrinkage of all bubbles. The ongoing lighter appearance of bubble lumens, maintenance of their rounded shape, and extensive changes in size and form indicate that gas content continues throughout their surprisingly long lifetime; the thin dense boundary layer surrounding all bubbles is proposed to be the main mechanism for their long lifetime.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Beam-Induced Radiation Damage: The Bubbling Response in Amorphous Dried Sodium Phosphate Buffer

Massover

2010

Microsc Microanal

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“…This difference can be explained in the framework of the model Dubinko et al [4,5], as shown in Fig. 2, which results.…”

Section: Comparison Of Results On Electron and Gamma Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In this study, 100 samples of synthetic crystals of NaCl (pure and alloyed by KBF 4 , K, and Br, 25 samples of each kind) have been irradiated by γ-quanta at 100 o C up to the total absorbed dose in the range from 12 to 78 Grad.…”

Section: Gamma-irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples of synthetic crystals of NaCl (pure and doped by KBF4, KCl, and NaBr) have been γ-irradiated up to the dose ranging from 1.2x10 8 Gy to 7.8x10 8 Gy (12 Grad to 78 Grad) and subsequently investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry and atomic force microscopy. The results have been compared with those produced by electron irradiation of NaCl samples at the University of Groningen, and analyzed in the framework of a new theoretical model Dubinko et al [4,5].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Simulation of radiation damage in rocks considered for safe storage of nuclear waste

Dubinko

Dovbnya

Vainshtein

et al. 2008

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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Rock salt is one of the considered storage mediums for radioactive waste, and so the behavior of rock salt in the vicinity of the waste canisters is of great practical interest. The main contribution to the irradiation from a radioactive waste comes from gamma-radiation, which requires a comparison of its action with that of the electron irradiation, widely used for simulation of radiation damage in rock salt. Samples of synthetic crystals of NaCl have been electron and γ-irradiated and subsequently investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry and atomic force microscopy. Our theoretical modeling of the irradiation damage has shown that the observed difference in colloid production under electron and gamma irradiation may be explained by the difference in the dose rates rather than the irradiation type. The data on radionuclide migration in the geological medium material of the disposal site are required for estimating the ecological safety of the radioactive waste disposal system in granite and tuff rocs. Penetration profiles of cerium 139 Ce in granite and tuff specimens (before and after γ-irradiation) were measured by means of nuclear physics methods.

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Nucleation and growth of sodium colloids in NaCl under irradiation: theory and experiment

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Electron Beam-Induced Radiation Damage: The Bubbling Response in Amorphous Dried Sodium Phosphate Buffer

Electron Beam-Induced Radiation Damage: The Bubbling Response in Amorphous Dried Sodium Phosphate Buffer

Simulation of radiation damage in rocks considered for safe storage of nuclear waste

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