“…Interaction of carbon nanotubes (CNT) with nucleic acids has been generally analyzed in terms of physical interactions, with potential application of nanotubes in atomic force microscopy imaging of DNA − or as chemically linked constructs with a variety of possible applications. , These studies allowed developing various routes for chemical functionalization of carbon nanotubes by oligonucleotides, i.e., wrapping/adsorption of DNA on CNT − or covalent linking. ,, Another aspect of these studies was application of DNA-CNT constructs in biomedicine as targeted drug or gene delivery systems. − However, due to complex biological functions and chemical properties of nucleic acids, it is beyond the scope of this publication to discuss all interesting findings available in the literature and related to DNA-CNT conjugates. Instead, we discuss a bit more closely the recent findings concerning the interaction of carbon nanotubes with the telomeric part of DNA.…”
This work deals with molecular dynamics simulations of
human telomeric
i-motif DNA interacting with functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes.
We study two kinds of i-motifs differing by the protonation state
of cytosines, i.e., unprotonated ones representative to neutral pH
and with half of the cytosines protonated and representative to acidic
conditions. These i-motifs interact with two kinds of carbon nanotubes
differing mainly in chirality (diameter), i.e., (10, 0) and (20, 0).
Additionally, these nanotubes were on-tip functionalized by amino
groups or by guanine- containing residues. We found that protonated
i-motif adsorbs strongly, although not specifically, on the nanotube
surfaces with its 3’ and 5’ ends directed toward the
surface and that adsorption does not affect the i-motif shape and
hydrogen bonds existing between C:C+ pairs. The functional
groups on the nanotube tips have minimal effect either on position
of i-motif or on its binding strength. Unprotonated i-motif, in turn,
deteriorates significantly during interaction with the nanotubes and
its binding strength is rather high as well. We found that (10, 0)
nanotubes destroy the i-motif shape faster than (20, 0). Moreover
the i-motif either tries to wrap the nanotube or migrates to its tip
and becomes immobilized due to interaction with guanine residue localized
on the nanotube tip and attempts to incorporate its 3’ end
into the nanotube interior. No hydrogen bonds exist within the unprotonated
i-motif prior to and after adsorption on the nanotube. Thus, carbon
nanotubes do not improve the stability of unprotonated i-motif due
to simple adsorption or just physical interactions. We hypothesize
that the stabilizing effect of carbon nanotubes reported in the literature
is due to proton transfer from the functional group in the nanotube
to cytosines and subsequent formation of C:C+ pairs.
“…Interaction of carbon nanotubes (CNT) with nucleic acids has been generally analyzed in terms of physical interactions, with potential application of nanotubes in atomic force microscopy imaging of DNA − or as chemically linked constructs with a variety of possible applications. , These studies allowed developing various routes for chemical functionalization of carbon nanotubes by oligonucleotides, i.e., wrapping/adsorption of DNA on CNT − or covalent linking. ,, Another aspect of these studies was application of DNA-CNT constructs in biomedicine as targeted drug or gene delivery systems. − However, due to complex biological functions and chemical properties of nucleic acids, it is beyond the scope of this publication to discuss all interesting findings available in the literature and related to DNA-CNT conjugates. Instead, we discuss a bit more closely the recent findings concerning the interaction of carbon nanotubes with the telomeric part of DNA.…”
This work deals with molecular dynamics simulations of
human telomeric
i-motif DNA interacting with functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes.
We study two kinds of i-motifs differing by the protonation state
of cytosines, i.e., unprotonated ones representative to neutral pH
and with half of the cytosines protonated and representative to acidic
conditions. These i-motifs interact with two kinds of carbon nanotubes
differing mainly in chirality (diameter), i.e., (10, 0) and (20, 0).
Additionally, these nanotubes were on-tip functionalized by amino
groups or by guanine- containing residues. We found that protonated
i-motif adsorbs strongly, although not specifically, on the nanotube
surfaces with its 3’ and 5’ ends directed toward the
surface and that adsorption does not affect the i-motif shape and
hydrogen bonds existing between C:C+ pairs. The functional
groups on the nanotube tips have minimal effect either on position
of i-motif or on its binding strength. Unprotonated i-motif, in turn,
deteriorates significantly during interaction with the nanotubes and
its binding strength is rather high as well. We found that (10, 0)
nanotubes destroy the i-motif shape faster than (20, 0). Moreover
the i-motif either tries to wrap the nanotube or migrates to its tip
and becomes immobilized due to interaction with guanine residue localized
on the nanotube tip and attempts to incorporate its 3’ end
into the nanotube interior. No hydrogen bonds exist within the unprotonated
i-motif prior to and after adsorption on the nanotube. Thus, carbon
nanotubes do not improve the stability of unprotonated i-motif due
to simple adsorption or just physical interactions. We hypothesize
that the stabilizing effect of carbon nanotubes reported in the literature
is due to proton transfer from the functional group in the nanotube
to cytosines and subsequent formation of C:C+ pairs.
“…Despite the great challenges because of the costing and stability, DNA linker and DNA origami structures still have a great potential for assembling a variety of nanoparticles independent of the geometry and elements. These resulting DNA composites enabled the efficient transport of signal reporters for photonics [121], optoelectronics [122], and nanomedicine [123].…”
Gold nanocrystals have attracted considerable attention due to their excellent physical and chemical properties and their extensive applications in plasmonics, spectroscopy, biological detection, and nanoelectronics. Gold nanoparticles are able to be readily modified and arranged with DNA materials and protein molecules, as well as viruses. Particularly DNA materials with the advantages endowed by programmability, stability, specificity, and the capability to adapt to functionalization, have become the most promising candidates that are widely utilized for building plenty of discrete gold nanoarchitectures. This review highlights recent advances on the DNA-based assembly of gold nanostructures and especially emphasizes their resulted superior optical properties and principles, including plasmonic extinction, plasmonic chirality, surface enhanced fluorescence (SEF), and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS).
“…The development of nanotechnology has provided a variety of nanomaterials and nanomedicines, which can be applied in various fields and greatly affect our lives [ 130 ]. Among them, the unique advantages of nanomaterials provide new ideas for the targeted treatment of cancer [ 30 , 131 , 132 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Application Of As1411 Modified Nanomaterialsmentioning
Targeted cancer therapy has become one of the most important medical methods because of the spreading and metastatic nature of cancer. Based on the introduction of AS1411 and its four-chain structure, this paper reviews the research progress in cancer detection and drug delivery systems by modifying AS1411 aptamers based on graphene, mesoporous silica, silver and gold. The application of AS1411 in cancer treatment and drug delivery and the use of AS1411 as a targeting agent for the detection of cancer markers such as nucleoli were summarized from three aspects of active targeting, passive targeting and targeted nucleic acid apharmers. Although AS1411 has been withdrawn from clinical trials, the research surrounding its structural optimization is still very popular. Further progress has been made in the modification of nanoparticles loaded with TCM extracts by AS1411.
Graphical Abstract
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
