NUCLEO-CYTOPLASMIC RELATIONS IN SALIVARY-GLAND CELLS OF Drosophila

Gay, Helen

doi:10.1073/pnas.41.6.370

Cited by 49 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In a relatively recent study in Drosophila melanogaster embryos, it has been shown that ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) are being exported through nuclear envelope budding (Speese et al, 2012). That groundbreaking study strongly supports the hypothesis that nuclear envelope budding facilitates the transport of genetic material from the nucleus to the cytoplasm (Gay, 1955; Hadek et al, 1962; Afzelius, 1963; Longwell et al, 1965; D. Szollosi, 1965; Aldrich et al, 1970; Gullvåg, 1970; Mepham et al, 1970; Hochstrasser et al, 1987). Alternative theories argue that these budding events may be a membrane storage mechanism that the cell will use in later stages of its development or that they play a role in the formation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and secretion granules (Gay, 1955; Dickinson et al, 1970).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Herpes simplex virus, which are replicated in the nucleoplasm, are released into the cytosol via outwards budding of the nuclear envelope (Schwartz et al, 1969; Hagen et al, 2015; Fradkin et al, 2016; Wang et al, 2018). Since 1955, there have been many observations and reports suggesting that these nuclear budding events probably occur in healthy cells as well and different interpretations of their mechanism have been discussed (Gay, 1955; Hadek et al, 1962; Afzelius, 1963; Elston et al, 1965; Longwell et al, 1965; D. Szollosi, 1965; Aldrich et al, 1970; Dickinson et al, 1970; Gullvåg, 1970; Mepham et al, 1970; Dickinson, 1971; Hochstrasser et al, 1987; M. S. Szollosi et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nuclear envelope budding is a response to cellular stress

Panagaki

Croft

Keuenhof

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Eukaryotic cells are defined by the compartmentalization of the cytoplasm into organelles, the largest of which is the nucleus, which contains the cellular DNA. Transport into and out of the nucleus is highly regulated and is traditionally thought to occur solely through nuclear pores. However, a small number of papers has repeatedly shown vesicular budding from the nuclear envelopes in different organisms. We used electron microscopy to identify such nuclear envelope budding events in a human cell line, Caenorhabditis elegans worms, the two yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe and the parasitic protist Trypanosoma brucei. Progressing to electron tomography, the finer details of the 3D architecture of such budding events was revealed. We summarize all the organisms in which this mode of translocation over the nuclear envelope has been observed and conclude that this may be a fundamental, evolutionary conserved mechanism of transport inside eukaryotic cells.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear envelope budding is a response to cellular stress

Panagaki

Croft

Keuenhof

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…The similarity of the cytoplasmic membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum with the nuclear envelope has been noted by several authors (8,22) and a direct continuity between cytoplasmic cisternae and nuclear envelope has been demonstrated in mammalian somatic cells by Watson (50). Gay (19) has shown the existence of everted blebs from the nuclear envelope in cell nuclei from Drosophila salivary glands and has proposed that the cytoplasmic lamellae of the ergastoplasm (endoplasmic reticulum combined with small particles) (38,43) are derived from such blebs after they have separated from the nuclear surface. It appears then, that structures at the nuclear--cytoplasmic interface are closely related in form and perhaps origin to similar structures in the cytoplasm.…”

Section: Basophilic Struct'upes Of Invertebrat]~ Oocytes Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gay (19) has pointed out the blebs occurring in the nucleus of cells of Drosophila salivary glands and suggested that the cytoplasmic lamellae might be derived from them. The structures of the nuclear envelope and the lamellae in these oocytes have been compared in both crosssection and surface view and found greatly similar.…”

Section: Basophilic Structures Of Invertebratf Oocytes Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Microscopy of Basophilic Structures of Some Invertebrate Oocytes

Rebhun

1956

The Journal of Cell Biology

152

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Highly basophilic plate-shaped regions from oocytes of the surf clam have been examined with the electron microscope. The regions are composed of flat, hollow vesicles perforated by pores arranged, in surface view, in a hexagonal pattern. Cross-sections of this structure show a periodicity consisting of loops (cross-sections of the continuous space within the vesicle) alternating with spaces partly filled with dense material (pores). These structures are shown to resemble closely, the nuclear envelope. Similarities to and differences from basophilic regions of other cells are discussed and it is suggested that the small granules of Palade (38) are represented by granules composing the walls of the annuli of the nuclear envelope and assumed to be present in the annuli of the vesicles. Because of differences in the structure of these regions from basophilic regions of other cells, the name periodic lamellae is suggested since the structures show periodically repeating substructures (annuli) in both cross-sections and surface views.

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“…Structures from rat spermatids, probably also of this kind, were described by Palade (7). Lamellae from salivary gland cells of Drosophila (2) and from frog oocytes (3) are possibly also annulate, but magnification is insufficient for an analysis of their structure. Annulate lamellae from oocytes of the clam Spisula and the snail Otala have previously been described from this laboratory (9,10).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Fine Structure of Annulate Lamellae

Swift

1956

The Journal of Cell Biology

231

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PLATES 138 TO 141This paper discusses a class of lamellar structures found in the cytoplasm of several cell types. These lamellae possess a characteristic "annulate" structure resembling the nuclear membrane in the possession of numerous rings or annuli. Some, if not all, lamellae of this type are basophilic, containing a high concentration of ribose nucleic acid (9, 10). They can thus be considered as one form of the ergastoplasm, if the term is used broadly to include those lamellar or membranous components of the cytoplasm containing RNA and presumably associated with protein synthesis.Annulate lamellae have been previously described in the literature several times. Structures probably of this type were demonstrated by McCulloch (4) in the cytoplasm of Arbacia oocytes. Afzelius (1) showed micrographs of annulate lamellae in Psammechinus oocytes, but considered them to be fragments of the nuclear membrane remaining from the maturation divisions. Structures from rat spermatids, probably also of this kind, were described by Palade (7). Lamellae from salivary gland cells of Drosophila (2) and from frog oocytes (3) are possibly also annulate, but magnification is insufficient for an analysis of their structure. Annulate lamellae from oocytes of the clam Spisula and the snail Otala have previously been described from this laboratory (9, 10). This paper supplements these previous observations, and demonstrates similar structures from acinar cells of amphibian pancreas, and from rat spermatids. Materials and MethodsTissues studied were as follows: ootestis of the helicid pulmonate snail Otala lactea, ovary of the surf clam Spisula solidissima, pancreas of 2 cm. larvae of Ambystoma opacum, and testis of a 4-month-old Sprague-Dawley rat. Tissues were fixed in 1 per cent osmic acid adjusted to ptI 7.4 with veronal acetate (6) or citric acid phosphate buffer for 1 hour at 5°C. They were embedded in butyl methacrylate and sectioned with a Porter-Blum microtome. Observations were made with a RCA EMU-2D microscope. OBSERVATIONSIn early oocytes of Otala a number of large lamellae were observed in the cytoplasm, parallel to the nuclear membrane, or irregularly arranged in the cytoplasm (Figs. 1 and 2). These lamellae in some regions appeared highly

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NUCLEO-CYTOPLASMIC RELATIONS IN SALIVARY-GLAND CELLS OF Drosophila

Cited by 49 publications

References 9 publications

Nuclear envelope budding is a response to cellular stress

Nuclear envelope budding is a response to cellular stress

Electron Microscopy of Basophilic Structures of Some Invertebrate Oocytes

The Fine Structure of Annulate Lamellae

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