Nucleolar organiser regions (AgNORs) as predictors in transitional cell bladder cancer

Lipponen, P; Eskelinen, Matti; Nordling, Stig

doi:10.1038/bjc.1991.478

Cited by 52 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The results are in full agreement with the results of Ki-67 immunolabelling in TCC (Tsujihashi et al, 1991;Bush et al, 1991). A similar relationship between papillary status, T-category, Ag-NORs (Lipponen et al, 1991d), nuclear morphometric variables (Lipponen et al, 1990b), mitotic indices (Lipponen & Eskelinen, 1990b), DNA ploidy and S phase fraction (Lipponen et al, 1991c) Ag-NOR analysis (Lipponen et al, 1991d), mitotic frequency analysis (Lipponen et al, 1990a) and Ki-67 immunolabelling (Tsujihashi et al, 1991;Bush et al, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Flow cytometry, Ag-NOR method and mitotic frequency analysis The results and method of flow cytometry (Lipponen et al, 1991c), Ag-NOR technique (Lipponen et al, 1991d) and mitotic frequency analysis (Lipponen et al, 1990a(Lipponen et al, ,b, 1991b in the present cohort has been reported previously in the literature. The reader is referred to original reports for details.…”

Section: Histological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Biopsy specimens from superficial tumours are often small which makes the enumeration of mitotic figures or estimation S-phase fraction difficult. The estimation of growth fraction by PCNA/cyclin immunostaining or enumeration of Ag-NORs (Lipponen et al, 1991d) can be estimated on the basis of a relatively small number of nuclei.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cell proliferation of transitional cell bladder tumours determined by PCNA/cyclin immunostaining and its prognostic value

Lipponen

Eskelinen²

1992

Br J Cancer

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Summary Cell proliferation of transitional cell bladder cancer (TCC) was determined by PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen)/cyclin immunostaining in 178 TCCs and the results were related to established prognostic factors, progression and survival during a mean follow-up period of 10 years. The fraction of PCNA/cyclin positive nuclei was related to T-category (P= 0.008), papillary status, WHO grade, DNA ploidy, S phase fraction, M/V index (volume corrected mitotic index) and AgNORs (silver stained nucleolar organiser regions) (for all P<0.001). TCCs presenting with pelvic lymph node metastasis at diagnosis had a significantly higher growth fraction than the tumours confined to the bladder wall (P<0.001). The fraction of PCNA/cyclin positive nuclei predicted progression in T-, N-and M-categories (P<0.001). In Ta-Ti tumours high fraction of PCNA/cyclin positive nuclei predicted metastasis (P = 0.019). In survival analysis the fraction of PCNA/ cyclin positive nuclei predicted survival in the entire cohort (P< 0.001) and in Ta-TI tumours (P = 0.0005). In a multivariate survival analysis the fraction of PCNA/cyclin positive nuclei showed independent predictive value in the entire cohort (P = 0.046), in papillary tumours (P= 0.006) Wallace, 1985) and the treatment of patients has been detailed previously (Lipponen et al., 1990b(Lipponen et al., , 1991b UICC 1978 (UICC, 1978 and it was based on the above mentioned examinations added with the pathologists reports. The follow-up investigations were done at 3 month intervals during the first 2 years and thereafter at 6 months intervals. If a recurrent growth was observed the follow-up program was started again. The treatment of recurrent tumours was based on the same principle as the treatment of primary tumours. Many of the patients who died were autopsied to ascertain the extent and metastasis of tumours at the time of death. Histological methodsThe histological samples were preoperative biopsy specimens. The samples were fixed in buffered formalin (pH 7.0), embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 5 gm and stained with hematoxylin and eosin or Van Gieson stains for grading. The samples were graded according to WHO (Mostofi, 1973). The distribution of cases into WHO grades and T-categories is shown in Table I. The papillary status of tumours was recorded and the tumours were divided into papillary (n = 149) and nodular (n = 29) types. ImmunohistochemistryFor immunohistochemical demonstration of PCNA/cyclin, 5 flm sections from the primary TCCs were deparaffinised and rehydrated. Endogenous peroxide was blocked by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 5 min followed by a wash for 5 min with PBS. The tissue sections were incubated with the antiCorrespondence: P. Lipponen,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Histological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Cell proliferation of transitional cell bladder tumours determined by PCNA/cyclin immunostaining and its prognostic value

Lipponen

Eskelinen²

1992

Br J Cancer

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“…Methods that have been used to measure cell proliferation, so far, include flow cytometry [20, 22], mitotic indices [24], Ki-67 immunostaining, bromodeoxyuridine incorporation [25], proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and nucleolar organizer regions [13, 26]. According to Lipponen et al [24], the M/V index appeared to be the best histological prognostic factor in SBC [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Value of MIB-1 Score, p53, EGFr, Mitotic Index and Papillary Status in Primary Superficial (Stage pTa/T1) Bladder Cancer: A Prospective Comparative Study

Liukkonen

Rajala²,

Raitanen³

et al. 1999

European Urology

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“…Moving a step further, Pich verified that AgNOR staining could be used as an effective independent prognostic factor in prospective studies. Not surprisingly, increases in AgNOR staining correlates well with other disease prognostic markers such as increased DNA content in breast cancer, [30,33,34] bladder cancer, [35] and ovarian cancer, [36] as well as markers of proliferation including BrdU staining, [37][38][39] tritiated thymidine uptake, [24] and percentage of S-phase cells. [40,41] The list of AgNOR quantified cancers is nearly exhaustive, as Pich has noted, [32] with the common theme being the invaluable definitive measure of tumor pathology provided by proper AgNOR staining and quantification.…”

Section: Agnor As a Clinical Marker For Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleolar Adaptation in Human Cancer

Maggi

Weber

2005

Cancer Investigation

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While the nucleolus was first observed over two hundred years ago, its role in human cancers is only now being appreciated. Long thought to be a static, ribosome-producing, subnuclear organelle, recent investigations have shown a more dynamic and adaptable side of the nucleolus. Containing not only proteins for the production of ribosomes but also newfound nucleolar oncogenes and tumor suppressors, mechanistic links between the nucleolus and cancer are now more evident. In this regard, much of the work from the past decade has focused on the ability of these proteins to promote and suppress tumorigenesis from the nucleolus. In this review, we will discuss how historical measurements of the nucleolus are being translated into contemporary studies of nucleolar dysfunction in human cancer.

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Nucleolar organiser regions (AgNORs) as predictors in transitional cell bladder cancer

Cited by 52 publications

References 21 publications

Cell proliferation of transitional cell bladder tumours determined by PCNA/cyclin immunostaining and its prognostic value

Cell proliferation of transitional cell bladder tumours determined by PCNA/cyclin immunostaining and its prognostic value

Prognostic Value of MIB-1 Score, p53, EGFr, Mitotic Index and Papillary Status in Primary Superficial (Stage pTa/T1) Bladder Cancer: A Prospective Comparative Study

Nucleolar Adaptation in Human Cancer

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