Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations in subtype F1 strains isolated from heavily treated adolescents in Romania

Paraschiv, Simona; Oțelea, Dan; Băicuș, Cristian; Tinischi, Mihaela; Costache, Marieta; Neaga, Emil

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2008.03.032

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Unrelated to the Brazilian epidemic, sub-subtype F1 was initially introduced and spread among adult heterosexuals in Romania. In this Eastern-European country, it subsequently reached a very high prevalence rate of more than 70% due to several major outbreaks among children in orphanages and people using intravenous drugs (Dumitrescu et al, 1994; Bandea et al, 1995; Apetrei et al, 1998; Op De Coul et al, 2000; Guimarães et al, 2009; Paraschiv et al, 2009; Mehta et al, 2011; Mbisa et al, 2012; Niculescu et al, 2014). Both Brazil and Romania were at the origin of the F1 epidemic in Italy, where Brazilian strains contributed to many more introduction events characterized with a more extensive spread (Lai et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These ARL perform approximately 90% of the HIV-1 drug resistance testing in Belgium. HIV-1 sub-subtype F1 pol sequences were requested from partners in other European and African countries where circulation of F1 infections has been reported (Palma et al, 2007; Paraschiv et al, 2009; Frentz et al, 2010; Lai et al, 2012; Ivanov et al, 2013; Sayan et al, 2013; Alexiev et al, 2015). Furthermore, all available HIV-1 sub-subtype F1 pol sequences were extracted from the Los Alamos HIV Sequence Database (LANL) 1 (Triques et al, 1999; Montano et al, 2005; Aulicino et al, 2007).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Earlier Initiation of Antiretroviral Treatment Coincides With an Initial Control of the HIV-1 Sub-Subtype F1 Outbreak Among Men-Having-Sex-With-Men in Flanders, Belgium

et al. 2019

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) non-B subtype infections occurred in Belgium since the 1980s, mainly amongst migrants and heterosexuals, whereas subtype B predominated in men-having-sex-with-men (MSM). In the last decade, the diagnosis of F1 sub-subtype in particular has increased substantially, which prompted us to perform a detailed reconstruction of its epidemiological history. To this purpose, the Belgian AIDS Reference Laboratories collected HIV-1 pol sequences from all sub-subtype F1-infected patients for whom genotypic drug resistance testing was requested as part of routine clinical follow-up. This data was complemented with HIV-1 pol sequences from countries with a high burden of F1 infections or a potential role in the global origin of sub-subtype F1. The molecular epidemiology of the Belgian subtype F1 epidemic was investigated using Bayesian phylogenetic inference and transmission dynamics were characterized based on birth-death models. F1 sequences were retained from 297 patients diagnosed and linked to care in Belgium between 1988 and 2015. Phylogenetic inference indicated that among the 297 Belgian F1 sequences, 191 belonged to a monophyletic group that mainly contained sequences from people likely infected in Belgium (OR 26.67, 95% CI 9.59–74.15), diagnosed in Flanders (OR 7.28, 95% CI 4.23–12.53), diagnosed at a recent stage of infection (OR 7.19, 95% CI 2.88-17.95) or declared to be MSM (OR 34.8, 95% CI 16.0–75.6). Together with a Spanish clade, this Belgian clade was embedded in the genetic diversity of Brazilian subtype F1 strains and most probably emerged after one or only a few migration events from Brazil to the European continent before 2002. The origin of the Belgian outbreak was dated back to 2002 (95% higher posterior density 2000–2004) and birth-death models suggested that its extensive growth had been controlled ( R e < 1) by 2012, coinciding with a time period where delay in antiretroviral treatment initiation substantially declined. In conclusion, phylogenetic reconstruction of the Belgian HIV-1 sub-subtype F1 epidemic illustrates the introduction and substantial dissemination of viral strains in a geographically restricted risk group that was most likely controlled by effective treatment as prevention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earlier Initiation of Antiretroviral Treatment Coincides With an Initial Control of the HIV-1 Sub-Subtype F1 Outbreak Among Men-Having-Sex-With-Men in Flanders, Belgium

et al. 2019

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“…These hydrogel polymers can have reactive groups on the surface which enable the nanoparticles to be converted to stimuli-responsive particles and they can also be made targetable by attaching receptor-specific ligands. The preparation of nanoparticles from chitosan, a hydrogel polymer, for drug delivery can have several advantages over the use of chitosan microspheres and microcapsules [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Development of Rilpivirine Nanoparticle Containing Chitosan Using Ionic Gelation Method for Hiv Infections

Patel

2020

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: The primary objective of the current research was to prepare rilpivirine loaded Nanoparticles containing Chitosan using the ionic gelation method for HIV infections. Methods: The nanoparticles of rilpivirine were prepared using the ionic gelation technique. Further, nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and in vitro drug release. Results: The optimized nanoparticles were found with a particle size of 130.30±5.29 nm (mean±SD) and entrapment efficiency (% EE) of 77.10±0.50%. Scanning electron microscopy technique exposed spherical particles with uniform size. It was observed that the nanoparticles created showed the absence of the crystalline nature of the drug and its switch to the amorphous state. Results showed that more than 45% of the pure drug is released in 50 min and after 90 min almost about 95% of the drug is released. Conclusion: The research study concluded that the in vitro release profile of nanoparticles was found to be sustained up to 24 hr. Sustained release of the rilpivirine could improve patient obedience to drug regimens, growing action effectiveness.

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“…Estimates showed that 962 779 people including 104 937 children were in need of ART in Zimbabwe in 2013 (based on CD4 counts ≤ 350 cells/ml), and projections showed that the number of people in need of ART will increase to 1.3 million and 1.4 million in 2014 and 2015, respectively [5]. With the rapid scale up of ART over the years, the emergence of antiretroviral (ARV) drug resistance mutations in Zimbabwe has been inevitable as in any other settings [7, 8]. Treatment failure may result from acquired drug resistant mutations due to ARV drug pressure and such variants of the virus can also be transmitted to newly infected individuals who are not yet on ART as transmitted drug resistance [9, 10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Proviral DNA to Investigate Virus Resistance Mutations in HIV-infected Zimbabweans

et al. 2017

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Background:Antiretroviral therapy (ART) to suppress HIV replication has reduced morbidity and mortality yet effectiveness of current HIV drugs is threatened by HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) mutations.Objective:To determine HIVDR mutations using proviral DNA from specimens of patients presenting to an HIV treatment clinic.Methods:DNA from 103 patients, 86 treatment-experienced, 17 treatment-naïve, were genotyped for the HIV-1C reverse transcriptase gene (RT; codons 21-304) using Sanger sequencing and sequences analyzed using Sequencher software. Resistance mutations were interpreted using Stanford HIVDR reference database.Results:Median age was 39 (IQR, 33-46) years and 80% of patients were female. Six-percent (n=6) had at least one HIVDR mutation, comprising NRTI-associated mutations, (M184V, T69D, T69N and V75I); NNRTI-associated mutations (G190A, K103N, V106M, Y181C) and thymidine analogue associated mutations (D67N, K70R, K219Q, L210W, M41L, T215Y). Of the six participants, with at least one HIVDR mutation, all were treatment experienced, five were on tenofovir, lamivudine and nevirapine and one was on tenofovir, lamivudine and atazanavir. There was no difference in median CD4 count and viral loads when patients were compared by presence of HIVDR mutations.Conclusion:We demonstrated the use of proviral DNA in HIVDR testing in adult patients and present that all the patients with various kinds of HIVDR mutations were treatment experienced, pointing to the role of drug regimens in driving viral mutations. Thus, the use of proviral DNA has potential to help provide surveillance on risk of HIVDR in HIV-infected individuals who are on treatment, which may assist in corrective treatment.

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Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations in subtype F1 strains isolated from heavily treated adolescents in Romania

Abstract: Although the overall resistance mutations were not different from those described for subtype B, the subtype F1 HIV-1 NRTI mutation patterns displayed same specificities with possible therapeutic consequences.

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Earlier Initiation of Antiretroviral Treatment Coincides With an Initial Control of the HIV-1 Sub-Subtype F1 Outbreak Among Men-Having-Sex-With-Men in Flanders, Belgium

Earlier Initiation of Antiretroviral Treatment Coincides With an Initial Control of the HIV-1 Sub-Subtype F1 Outbreak Among Men-Having-Sex-With-Men in Flanders, Belgium

Design and Development of Rilpivirine Nanoparticle Containing Chitosan Using Ionic Gelation Method for Hiv Infections

Use of Proviral DNA to Investigate Virus Resistance Mutations in HIV-infected Zimbabweans

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