Nucleotide sequence of the virion protein gene of cacao yellow mosaic tymovirus

Ding, Shou‐Wei; Mackenzie, A. M.; Torronen, M.; Gibbs, Adrian

doi:10.1093/nar/18.19.5886

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…ORF 2 started at position 6367, ended with an opal stop codon at position 7059 and encoded a 230 aa product with a molecular mass of 24n5 kDa (p24), identified as the viral capsid protein (CP). The overall degree of amino acid identity between GFkV CP and CPs of tymoviruses ranged from 23 % with OYMV (Ding et al, 1989) to 31 % with Calopogonium yellow vein virus (Gibbs et al, 1997) and Cacao yellow mosaic virus (Ding et al, 1990 b). Identity with the coat proteins of Poinsettia mosaic virus (PnMV) (Bradel et al, 2000) and OBDV was 28 and 29 %, respectively.…”

Section: Genome Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete nucleotide sequence and genome organization of Grapevine fleck virus

Sabanadzovic

Ghanem-Sabanadzovic

Saldarelli³

et al. 2001

Journal of General Virology

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The complete nucleotide sequence of Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV) genomic RNA was determined. The genome is 7564 nt in size, excluding the 3h-terminal poly(A) tail, is characterized by an extremely high cytosine content (ca. 50 %), and contains four putative open reading frames and untranslated regions of 291 and 35 nt at the 5h and 3h ends, respectively. ORF 1 potentially encodes a 215n4 kDa polypeptide (p215), which has the conserved motifs of replication-associated proteins of positive-strand RNA viruses. ORF 2 encodes a 24n3 kDa polypeptide (p24) identified as the coat protein. ORFs 3 and 4 are located at the extreme 3h end of the viral genome and encode proline-rich proteins of 31n4 kDa (p31) and 15n9 kDa (p16), respectively, of unknown function. Phylogenetic analysis of the viral replicase and coat protein genes showed that GFkV is related to members of the Tymovirus and Marafivirus genera. Two subgenomic RNAs were present in the GFkV preparations as ascertained by molecular hybridization. The genome organization of GFkV resembles to some extent that of tymoviruses and marafiviruses. However, differences in the biological and epidemiological behaviour, cytopathology and molecular properties (i.e. size of genomic RNA and coat protein, and number of ORFs) support the notion that GFkV is a separate virus belonging in a new genus.

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Section: Genome Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete nucleotide sequence and genome organization of Grapevine fleck virus

Sabanadzovic

Ghanem-Sabanadzovic

Saldarelli³

et al. 2001

Journal of General Virology

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“…Viruses have been confirmed in cacao on every continent where the crop is cultivated (North America, South America, Asia, and Africa) [1,[9][10][11][12][13]. Most cacao viruses that have been molecularly characterized are in the Badnavirus genus [10,11,14,15], except for Cacao yellow mosaic virus [16] and Cacao necrosis virus [17], which are in the Tymovirus and Nepovirus genera, respectively [12,18]. The genome of CaMMV contains the three open reading frames (ORFs) found in all members of the Badnavirus genus, plus a fourth referred to as ORFY [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Cacao Mild Mosaic Virus (CaMMV) Using Nested PCR and Evidence of Uneven Distribution in Leaf Tissue

Puig

2021

Agronomy

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Distribution of improved germplasm of Theobroma cacao is essential for meeting the increased demand for cocoa beans. In cacao, the introduction of new diseases is prevented by exchanging material through a national and international quarantine system. In 2020, virus symptoms were observed on plants in a quarantine greenhouse, and Cacao mild mosaic virus (CaMMV) was detected in one plant using published diagnostic primers. However, no virus was detected in other symptomatic plants. To address high pathogen diversity and low virus titer in recently infected plants, a nested PCR test was developed based on 15 CaMMV sequences from Trinidad and Puerto Rico. The test was validated on a subset (n = 30) of plants in the greenhouse, of which 29 tested positive. Most infections are thought to have occurred during the later stage of the quarantine period, possibly due to spread by mealybugs. However, phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of three strains, suggesting that it was introduced on scionwood from multiple sources. Results of PCR assays on different leaf tissues indicate that the virus is unevenly distributed and that petiole tissue should be used in molecular diagnostics. The movement of infected scionwood is a major dissemination pathway for CaMMV but can be managed through careful screening.

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