Nucleotide sequences at the 5′-termini of the alfalfa mosaic virus RNAs and the intercistronic junction in RNA 3

Koper-Zwarthoff, Ellen C.; Brederode, Frans Th.; Veeneman, G. H.; Boom, Jacques H. van; Bol, John F.

doi:10.1093/nar/8.23.5635

Cited by 37 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This route for the production of CMV RNA 4, rather than by replication of RNA4, was predicted from the results of Gonda and Symons [38]. Similar structures have been proposed for the intercistronic regions of AMV RNA 3 [37] and for that preceding the TMV RNA coat protein cistron [37]. However, a more stable structure arises when the 5' terminus of CMV RNA interacts with the intercistronic region (Fig.8).…”

Section: Secondary Structure Models For CMV Rna 3 and R N Asupporting

confidence: 72%

“…The folding of the 5'-terminal sequence into a stable hairpin structure (Fig.7A) may be related to the initiation of protein synthesis especially since CMV RNA 3 contains the sequence in'GpppG-U-A-(N),-U-A-C-C-A-(N),-A-U-G (Fig, 7A; x = 4, y = 82), as do the 5' terminii of the RNAs of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) [35], TYMV [36], BMV RNA 3 [30]and AMV RNA 3 [37].…”

Section: Secondary Structure Models For CMV Rna 3 and R N Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cucumber Mosaic Virus RNA 3

Gould

Symons

1982

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The complete sequence of the 2193 residues of RNA 3 ( M , 746000) of cucumber mosaic virus (Q strain) was determined by a combination of chemical and enzymic sequencing techniques utilizing cloned DNA fragments. The nucleotide sequence of RNA 3 also gave the complete sequence of 1027 residues of RNA 4 ( M , 349000), which codes for the viral coat protein and is derived from the 3' end; there are 53 untranslated nucleotides at the 5' end of RNA 4. The nucleotide sequence provided the amino acid sequences of the two proteins coded for by RNA 3 : the 5'-terminal 3A protein with 333 amino acids ( M , 36 700) and the 3'-terminal viral coat protein with 236 amino acids ( M , 26200). These two coding regions are in the same reading frame, are separated by an intercistronic region of 123 nucleotides and are flanked by two untranslated regions of 94 nucleotides at the 5' terminus and of 263 nucleotides at the 3' terminus.Secondary structure models are postulated for parts of the RNA 3 sequence. These are considered to be important in the control of the translation and replication of RNA 3 and in the processing of RNA 3 to give RNA 4.Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is a single-stranded (+) RNA plant virus with a functionally divided genome. Purified virus preparations contain four RNA species, designated RNAs 1-4 in order of decreasing molecular weight ( M ,

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Section: Secondary Structure Models For CMV Rna 3 and R N Asupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Secondary Structure Models For CMV Rna 3 and R N Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Cucumber Mosaic Virus RNA 3

Gould

Symons

1982

European Journal of Biochemistry

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“…The clone containing the longest insert (pAMV170) was selected for sequencing. It evidently represents a full-length copy because it terminates in sequences previously determined for the 5'and 3'ends of RNA3 (16,17).…”

Section: Results and Discussion Cdna Cloningmentioning

confidence: 89%

Complete nucleotide sequence of alfalfa mosaic virus RNA3

et al. 1983

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A full-length cDNA clone of alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) RNA3 was prepared and sequenced. The 2,037 base sequence contains two open reading frames of 903 and 666 nucleotides that code for a 32,400 dalton protein (32.4K protein) and the 24,380 dalton coat protein, respectively. A 5'-noncoding sequence of 240 bases preceeding the 32.4K protein contains homologous regions that may have a function in its translation. The intercistronic junction is 49 bases long, the last 36 bases representing the 5'-end of the subgenomic RNA4. The remaining 179 bases comprise the 3'-terminal noncoding sequence.

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“…In 3A, the sequence surrounding the transcriptional and translational start sites in different constructs and the origin of each particular leader sequence are shown. The leader from BMV RNA-4 [1] was introduced to construct pAGUS1-B4, the AMV RNA-4 sequence [33] is in pAGUS1-A4, the TMV leader is in pAGUS1-T8 and a mutant TMV sequence is in pAGUS1-TN2 (see Fig. 2B).…”

Section: Construction Of Improved Gus Expression Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of leaky viral translation termination codons in vivo by transient expression of improved ?-glucuronidase vectors

1990

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Plant RNA viruses commonly exploit leaky translation termination signals in order to express internal protein coding regions. As a first step to elucidate the mechanism(s) by which ribosomes bypass leaky stop codons in vivo, we have devised a system in which readthrough is coupled to the transient expression of beta-glucuronidase (GUS) in tobacco protoplasts. GUS vectors that contain the stop codons and surrounding nucleotides from the readthrough regions of several different RNA viruses were constructed and the plasmids were tested for the ability to direct transient GUS expression. These studies indicated that ribosomes bypass the leaky termination sites at efficiencies ranging from essentially 0 to ca. 5% depending upon the viral sequence. The results suggest that the efficiency of readthrough is determined by the sequence surrounding the stop codon. We describe improved GUS expression vectors and optimized transfection conditions which made it possible to assay low-level translational events.

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Nucleotide sequences at the 5′-termini of the alfalfa mosaic virus RNAs and the intercistronic junction in RNA 3

Cited by 37 publications

References 21 publications

Cucumber Mosaic Virus RNA 3

Cucumber Mosaic Virus RNA 3

Complete nucleotide sequence of alfalfa mosaic virus RNA3

Analysis of leaky viral translation termination codons in vivo by transient expression of improved ?-glucuronidase vectors

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