Number of services and the reservice intervals in relation to suboptimal reproductive performance in female pigs on commercial farms

Takai, Yasutaka; Koketsu, Yuzo

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2007.04.007

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It should be noted that the results of research into parity are not clear. Takai and Koketsu (2008) observed that thanks to repeated insemination of sows higher numbers of piglets were born only in the 1st and 2nd parity, but not in subsequent ones. Hoving et al (2011) found that sows attain the best reproductive parameters between parity 3 and 5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The impact of season, parity and breed on selected reproductive performance parameters of sows

2015

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Abstract. The aim of the study was to identify the detailed impact of the season, parity and breed on reproductive performance of sows. The experimental material consisted of 2100 sows, in 3 breed variants: 700 PL, 700 PLW, 700 crossbreeds PL × PLW. Sows were observed until parity 5. In the context of the breed, depending on the order of parity groups of 140 sows were isolated. Then, sows were divided in terms of farrowing season into subgroups numbering 35 sows. At the age of 8 months gilts were allocated for reproduction performance. The highest seasonal impact was noted for piglet birth weight (P ≤ 0.01). Parity had less effect only on the number of piglets weaned (P ≤ 0.05). Breed influenced to a lesser extent the number of piglets born live and weaned (P ≤ 0.05), while birth and weaning weight had greater importance for piglets (P ≤ 0.01). The interaction between the studied factors was also observed. The impact of season, parity and breed interdependence on the number of piglets born live were confirmed statistically (P ≤ 0.05). The analysis of piglet birth weight allowed the stronger interaction effect of parity × breed on this parameter to be noted (P ≤ 0.01). The analysis of variance for piglet weaning weight confirmed strong relations between all tested factors (P ≤ 0.01). Our study has shown that reproductive parameters can be strongly affected by season and parity. In addition, it must be emphasized that the impact of these factors was different for the studied breeds of sows.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The impact of season, parity and breed on selected reproductive performance parameters of sows

2015

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“…Not only climatic factors have an impact on decreased TPB, but also many other factors have a negative effect on TPB. For instance, decreased TPB has been associated with an earlier age of gilts at first mating, lower parity, or a weaning-to-first-mating interval (WMI) of 7 to 12 d (Schukken et al, 1994;Koketsu and Dial, 1998;Takai and Koketsu, 2008). However, no studies have examined interactions between such production factors and climatic factors in relation to the TPB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between pre- or postservice climatic factors, parity, and weaning-to-first-mating interval for total number of pigs born of female pigs serviced during hot and humid or cold seasons1

Iida

Koketsu

2014

Journal of Animal Science

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The objective of this study was to examine interactions between climatic factors, parity, and weaning-to-first-mating interval (WMI) for total number of pigs born at subsequent parity (TPB) of female pigs serviced during 2 seasons. The present study analyzed records of 27,739 gilts and 127,670 parity records of sows in 95 Japanese herds; the records included females that were serviced between June and September (hot and humid season) or between December and March (cold season) in 2007 through 2009. The climate data were obtained from 20 weather stations located close to the studied herds. Mean daily maximum temperatures (Tmax), mean daily minimum temperatures (Tmin), and daily average relative humidity (RH) for 21 d preservice and 15 d postservice for each female were coordinated with that female's reproductive data. Linear regression models with random intercept and slopes were applied to the data. Mean TPB (±SEM) was 11.9 ± 0.01 pigs. Mean values (ranges) of Tmax in the hot and humid season and Tmin in the cold season were 28.4 (13.6 to 39.8°C) and 2.0°C (-13.2 to 17.6°C), respectively. Also, mean RH in the hot and humid season and the cold season were 73.2 (35 to 98%) and 65.2% (25 to 99%), respectively. In the hot and humid season, TPB in gilts decreased by 0.05 pigs for each degree Celsius increase in preservice Tmax (P < 0.05). However, there was no association between gilt TPB and either postservice Tmax (P = 0.11) or pre- and postservice RH (P ≥ 0.66). In sows, as preservice Tmax increased from 25 to 30°C, TPB in parity groups 1 and 2 or higher decreased by 0.6 and 0.4 pigs, respectively (P < 0.05). Also, sow TPB decreased by 0.1 to 0.4 pigs as postservice Tmax increased from 25 to 30°C (P < 0.05). In sows with WMI of 0 to 12 d, TPB decreased by 0.2 to 0.5 pigs as pre- or postservice Tmax increased from 25 to 30°C (P < 0.05). However, in sows with WMI of 13 d or more, TPB was not associated with pre- or postservice Tmax (P ≥ 0.10). As preservice Tmax increased from 25 to 30°C, TPB in sows under 81.6% RH (90th percentile) decreased by 0.5 pigs (P < 0.05), whereas TPB in sows under 65.7% RH (10th percentile) decreased by only 0.3 pigs (P < 0.05). Postservice RH in the hot and humid season was not associated with sow TPB (P = 0.18). During the cold season there was no association between TPB and pre- or postservice Tmin (P ≥ 0.09) or RH (P ≥ 0.45). Therefore, we recommend that producers apply cooling management for females during periservice in summer to increase TPB.

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“…In particular, more than 90% of high-performing herds had culling guidelines to cull in parity ≥4 sows if they failed to conceive after the second reservice. Culling females that twice failed to conceive is in accordance with generally accepted principles of sow management (Knauer et al, 2007), because these sows accumulate nonproductive female days, and are likely to have low fertility (Steverink et al, 1999;Takai and Koketsu, 2008;Tummaruk et al, 2010). Thus, we rec- x,y Values within a row without a common superscript are different (P = 0.07).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A herd management survey on culling guidelines and actual culling practices in three herd groups based on reproductive productivity in Japanese commercial swine herds1

Sasaki

Koketsu

2012

Journal of Animal Science

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The objective of the present study was to investigate culling guidelines for gilts and sows in Japanese commercial herds and to compare differences between culling guidelines and actual culling practices in different herd productivity groups. A questionnaire survey was undertaken to obtain information on culling guidelines in 115 commercial swine herds that participated in the PigCHAMP data-share program. The questionnaire included questions on guideline values for culling intervals and the number of conception failure occurrences that would trigger a culling decision to be made. Ninety-two of the 115 herds (80.0%) returned appropriate data for the study and were included in the present study. In addition to questionnaire data, culling data regarding the actual culling intervals and number of reservices for gilts and sows culled during 2007 to 2008 were also obtained for the same herds from a PigCHAMP database. Culled gilts and sows were divided into 4 female groups on the basis of the stages of their reproductive life when they were culled: unmated gilts, mated gilts, unmated sows, and mated sows. Culling intervals in unmated gilts and sows were defined as the number of days from birth or weaning to culling, respectively, whereas in mated gilts and sows culling intervals were the number of days from last service to culling. Three herd productivity groups were formed on the basis of the upper and lower 25th percentiles of pigs weaned mated female(-1)·yr(-1):high-,intermediate- or low-performing herds. For unmated gilts and sows actual culling intervals were 15 d shorter than the guideline culling intervals in the surveyed data submitted by producers (P < 0.05). This shorter actual culling period for unmated gilts and sows did not vary significantly between herd productivity groups in any parity. However, for mated gilts and sows the actual culling intervals were at least 30 d longer than the guideline culling intervals (P < 0.05). Guideline and actual culling intervals for mated gilts and sows were at least 10 d shorter in high-performing herds than in low-performing herds (P < 0.05). High-performing herds had lower proportions of sows culled after the second reservice than intermediate- or low-performing herds in parity groups 0 to 5 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, culling guidelines for mated sows differed between herd productivity groups, and culling guidelines for mated gilts and sows were not strictly followed in any herd group in the commercial herds.

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Number of services and the reservice intervals in relation to suboptimal reproductive performance in female pigs on commercial farms

Cited by 20 publications

References 15 publications

The impact of season, parity and breed on selected reproductive performance parameters of sows

The impact of season, parity and breed on selected reproductive performance parameters of sows

Interactions between pre- or postservice climatic factors, parity, and weaning-to-first-mating interval for total number of pigs born of female pigs serviced during hot and humid or cold seasons1

A herd management survey on culling guidelines and actual culling practices in three herd groups based on reproductive productivity in Japanese commercial swine herds1

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