Number of teeth is independently associated with ischemic stroke: A case-control study

Leão, Thayana Salgado de Souza; Zanoni, Aline Veloso; Franzon, Raiane; Tomasi, Gustavo Henrique; Conzatti, Lucas Piccoli; Marrone, L C P; Reynolds, Mark A.; Gomes, Maximiliano Schünke

doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2021.05.059

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Heterogeneity across the cohort studies was mild, while significant heterogeneity was observed across the case-control studies. However, removing the study, Leao et al [ 22 ] revealed significantly lower heterogeneity for case-control studies (adjusted MD = −3.38, 95% CI: −4.41−(−2.35), I 2 = 23.6%; Figure 4 ).…”

Section: Results and Evaluationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Across the case-control studies, I 2 index exceeded 70%, probably attributed to the study design, which involved the definition and selection of participants and the inherent retrospective design. By removing the study by Leao et al [ 22 ], the heterogeneity decreased markedly, with I 2 index altered into 23.6%. Second, the unmeasured bias attributed to the combination of various individual studies might reduce the quality of this meta-analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Tooth Loss and the Incidence of Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Guo

Wang

Jiang

2022

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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Generally, as the population is aging, ischemic stroke is imposing rising social and economic burdens. On that basis, the early intervention and prevention of ischemic stroke turns out to be a major public health issue. Extensive studies have reached mixed conclusions regarding the correlation between tooth loss and ischemic stroke, as well as transient ischemic attack (TIA). In this paper, a systematic review and meta-analysis is presented where we have aimed to examine whether tooth loss is correlated with a higher incidence of ischemic stroke and TIA in adults. The systematical search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and The Cochrane library from the inception dates to September 23, 2021, by employing the keywords (i.e., tooth loss and ischemic stroke). Observational studies conducted in adults were included, in which people with and without tooth loss (Exposition and Comparison) were observed to determine the incidence of ischemic stroke/TIA (Outcome). The data were extracted, and the study quality was assessed by two reviewers independently. Moreover, a meta-analysis was conducted to obtain the risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs by adopting random-effects models. The major outcome was the incidence of ischemic stroke/TIA in adults with and without tooth loss. On the whole, four cohort studies and three case-control studies were covered, which involved 4,625,514 participants with 33,088 ischemic stroke/TIA cases. In cohort (adjusted RR = 2.58, 95% CI: 2.39–2.79, P < 0.00001 , I2 = 31%) and case-control studies (adjusted MD = −4.15, 95% CI: −6.09−(−2.22), P < 0.001 , I2 = 77%), a significant correlation was identified between tooth loss and ischemic stroke. The subgroup analyses reported that the results in case-control studies were generally consistent regardless of the selection of controls. This meta-analysis indicated a certain correlation between tooth loss and ischemic stroke.

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Section: Results and Evaluationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Tooth Loss and the Incidence of Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Guo

Wang

Jiang

2022

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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“…Some microorganisms, on the other hand, tend to remain in the cavity (a small number of people) for a short period of time. They are the members of the transitory flora [ 7 ]. Bacteria are the most common kind of microbes found in the oral cavity and are responsible for most infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Analysis, Molecular Characterization, and Antibiogram of Caries-Causing Bacteria Isolated from Dental Patients

Farva,

Sattar,

Ullah

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Dental caries is a biofilm-mediated, sugar-driven, multifactorial, dynamic disease that results in the phasic demineralization and remineralization of dental hard tissues. Despite scientific advances in cariology, dental caries remains a severe global concern. The aim of this study was to determine the optimization of microbial and molecular techniques for the detection of cariogenic pathogens in dental caries patients, the prevalence of cariogenic bacteria on the basis of socioeconomic, climatological, and hygienic factors, and in vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of selected synthetic antibiotics and herbal extracts. In this study, oral samples were collected from 900 patients for bacterial strain screening on a biochemical and molecular basis. Plant extracts, such as ginger, garlic, neem, tulsi, amla, and aloe vera, were used to check the antimicrobial activity against the isolated strains. Synthetic antimicrobial agents, such as penicillin, amoxicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, metronidazole, doxycycline, ceftazidime, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, were also used to access the antimicrobial activity. Among 900 patients, 63% were males and 37% were females, patients aged between 36 and 58 (45.7%) years were prone to disease, and the most common symptom was toothache (61%). For oral diseases, 21% used herbs, 36% used antibiotics, and 48% were self-medicated, owing to sweets consumption (60.66%) and fizzy drinks and fast food (51.56%). Staphylococcus mutans (29.11%) and Streptococcus sobrinus (28.11%) were found as the most abundant strains. Seven bacterial strains were successfully screened and predicted to be closely related to genera S. sobrinus, S. mutans, Actinomyces naeslundii, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Eubacterium nodatum, Propionibacterium acidifaciens, and Treponema Pallidum. Among plant extracts, the maximum zone of inhibition was recorded by ginger (22.36 mm) and amla (20.01 mm), while among synthetic antibiotics, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were most effective against all microbes. This study concluded that phyto extracts of ginger and amla were considered suitable alternatives to synthetic antibiotics to treat dental diseases.

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“…A number of studies have reported an association between oral conditions such as periodontal disease and tooth loss and stroke (Cheng et al, 2018; Gomes et al, 2016; Grau et al, 2004; Joshipura et al, 2003; Leao et al, 2021; Leira et al, 2017; Lockhart et al, 2012; Sen et al, 2018). Of note, the relationships between dental caries and its related disease, endodontic infections, and stroke were inconclusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between severity of dental caries and the risk of stroke

Ono,

Chou,

Chien

et al. 2023

Oral Diseases

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ObjectiveThe relationship between dental caries and stroke remains inconclusive. The aim of this study is to investigate whether different severities of dental caries affect the risk of stroke.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted using the 2000–2013 Taiwan National Health Insurance Database. We selected 23,662 patients with advanced/severe dental caries and 23,662 patients with incipient/moderate dental caries between 2000 and 2006. These patients were followed to the occurrence of stroke or to the end of the study in 2013. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) derived from the Cox proportional hazards models were calculated to assess the association between severity of dental caries and the risk of stroke.ResultsThe advanced/severe dental caries group had a significantly higher risk of stroke compared with incipient/moderate dental caries group (adjusted HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.03–1.31). Stratified analyses showed that advanced/severe dental caries was positively associated with the risk of ischemic stroke in patients aged ≥40 years and with the risk of hemorrhagic stroke in patients aged <40 years.ConclusionThere is a severity‐dependent association between dental caries and stroke in an Asian population.

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Number of teeth is independently associated with ischemic stroke: A case-control study

Cited by 5 publications

References 48 publications

Tooth Loss and the Incidence of Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tooth Loss and the Incidence of Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Phenotypic Analysis, Molecular Characterization, and Antibiogram of Caries-Causing Bacteria Isolated from Dental Patients

Association between severity of dental caries and the risk of stroke

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