Number, size, and distribution of Peyer's patches in the human small intestine: Part II The effect of age on Peyer's patches

doi:10.1136/gut.6.3.230

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Both tissues develop during gestation and are bona fide secondary lymphoid organs. The exact number, size, and distribution of PP vary between individuals and with age but PP in human and mice are confined to the anti-mesenteric side of the small intestine, i.e., the large intestine does not have PP [34].…”

Section: Immune Anatomy Of Iga Responses-peyer's Patchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The immune landscape of IgA induction in the gut

Seikrit

Pabst

2021

Semin Immunopathol

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Antibodies are key elements of protective immunity. In the mucosal immune system in particular, secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), the most abundantly produced antibody isotype, protects against infections, shields the mucosal surface from toxins and environmental factors, and regulates immune homeostasis and a peaceful coexistence with our microbiota. However, the dark side of IgA biology promotes the formation of immune complexes and provokes pathologies, e.g., IgA nephropathy (IgAN). The precise mechanisms of how IgA responses become deregulated and pathogenic in IgAN remain unresolved. Yet, as the field of microbiota research moved into the limelight, our basic understanding of IgA biology has been taking a leap forward. Here, we discuss the structure of IgA, the anatomical and cellular foundation of mucosal antibody responses, and current concepts of how we envision the interaction of SIgA and the microbiota. We center on key concepts in the field while taking account of both historic findings and exciting new observations to provide a comprehensive groundwork for the understanding of IgA biology from the perspective of a mucosal immunologist.

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Section: Immune Anatomy Of Iga Responses-peyer's Patchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The immune landscape of IgA induction in the gut

Seikrit

Pabst

2021

Semin Immunopathol

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“…They are key sites where adaptive immunity is formed and contain microanatomical niches for effective immune priming and propagation [17]. There are up to hundreds of Peyer's patches found on the antimesenteric wall of the small intestine, with increasing density toward the terminal ileum, where they form a ring at the ileocecal junction between the small and large intestine [21]. Specialized follicle-associated epithelium, populated with microfold cells (M cells) and intraepithelial lymphocytes under a sparse covering of mucus, are found on the luminal side of a Peyer's patch [22].…”

Section: Multi-follicular Lymphoid Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting the Gut Mucosal Immune System Using Nanomaterials

et al. 2021

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The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is one the biggest mucosal surface in the body and one of the primary targets for the delivery of therapeutics, including immunotherapies. GI diseases, including, e.g., inflammatory bowel disease and intestinal infections such as cholera, pose a significant public health burden and are on the rise. Many of these diseases involve inflammatory processes that can be targeted by immune modulatory therapeutics. However, nonspecific targeting of inflammation systemically can lead to significant side effects. This can be avoided by locally targeting therapeutics to the GI tract and its mucosal immune system. In this review, we discuss nanomaterial-based strategies targeting the GI mucosal immune system, including gut-associated lymphoid tissues, tissue resident immune cells, as well as GI lymph nodes, to modulate GI inflammation and disease outcomes, as well as take advantage of some of the primary mechanisms of GI immunity such as oral tolerance.

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Commentary on Chapter 19

Zbar¹,

Karayiannakis²

2002

Immunology for Surgeons

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Number, size, and distribution of Peyer's patches in the human small intestine: Part II The effect of age on Peyer's patches

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

The immune landscape of IgA induction in the gut

The immune landscape of IgA induction in the gut

Targeting the Gut Mucosal Immune System Using Nanomaterials

Commentary on Chapter 19

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