Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Fire Source Configuration on Fire-Wind Enhancement

Eftekharian, Esmaeel; Ghodrat, Maryam; He, Yaping; Ong, Robert H.; Kwok, K.C.S.; Zhao, Ming

doi:10.1080/01457632.2019.1685249

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…For a second verification test of wildFireFoam, we demonstrate solver accuracy and computational savings for fire spread at larger scales over a variable-incline slope. With this case, we demonstrate the flexibility and utility of our AMR framework for efficient large-scale fire spread simulations, similar to [36] and recent studies using fireFoam to investigate fire-wind interactions [37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Verification: Large-scale Wind-driven Fire Spreadsupporting

confidence: 62%

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Efficient simulation of turbulent diffusion flames in OpenFOAM using adaptive mesh refinement

Lapointe

Wimer

Glusman

et al. 2020

Fire Safety Journal

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Wildland fires are complex multi-physics problems that span wide spatial scale ranges. Capturing this complexity in computationally affordable numerical simulations for process studies and "outer-loop" techniques (e.g., optimization and uncertainty quantification) is a fundamental challenge in reacting flow research. Further complications arise for propagating fires where a priori knowledge of the fire spread rate and direction is typically not available. In such cases, static mesh refinement at all possible fire locations is a computationally inefficient approach to bridging the wide range of spatial scales relevant to wildland fire behavior. In the present study, we address this challenge by incorporating adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) in fireFoam, an OpenFOAM solver for simulations of complex fire phenomena. The AMR functionality in the extended solver, called wildFireFoam, allows us to dynamically track regions of interest and to avoid inefficient over-resolution of areas far from a propagating flame. We demonstrate the AMR capability for fire spread on vertical panels and for large-scale fire propagation on a variable-slope surface that is representative of real topography. We show that the AMR solver reproduces results obtained using much larger statically refined meshes, at a substantially reduced computational cost.

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Section: Verification: Large-scale Wind-driven Fire Spreadsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…To trigger combustion, a [30 × 1] m burner was created near the inlet to mimic a line fire with roughly 1.9 MW/m source strength following [38]. The simulation was run in parallel on 6 processors for 20 s of virtual time until the flame traveled up the incline and neared the outlet.…”

Section: Statically Refined Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient simulation of turbulent diffusion flames in OpenFOAM using adaptive mesh refinement

Lapointe

Wimer

Glusman

et al. 2020

Fire Safety Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The interaction between fires and winds is a two-way process in nature. Wind speed and direction could affect the geometrical features and spread of fires (Cheney et al, 1993(Cheney et al, , 1998Cheney & Gould, 1995;Linn & Cunningham, 2005;Sutherland et al, 2023), while the overall dynamical circulations and resulting wind speeds near and/ or within fire flames may be enhanced due to the heat released by fires (Eftekharian et al, 2018(Eftekharian et al, , 2019a(Eftekharian et al, , 2019b(Eftekharian et al, , 2021. Such fire feedbacks could be approximately addressed by applying an influence factor of 1-2 to the estimated midflame wind speeds according to Eftekharian et al's research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of an In‐Canopy Wind and Wind Adjustment Factor Model for Wildfire Spread Applications Across Scales

Hung,

Campbell,

Moon

et al. 2024

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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The representation of vegetative sub‐canopy wind is critical in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models for the determination of the air‐surface exchange processes of heat, momentum, and trace gases. Because of the relationship between wind speed and fire behaviors, the influence of the canopy on near‐surface wind speed is critical for prognostic fire spread models used in regional NWP models. In practice, the wind speed at the midflame point of fires (midflame wind speed) is used to determine the rate of fire spread. However, the wind speeds from most in situ measurements and NWP models are taken at some reference height above the canopy and fire flames. Hence, this study develops a modular and computationally‐efficient one‐dimensional model set composed of a canopy wind model and a wind adjustment factor (WAF) model for NWP applications across scales. The model set uses prescribed foliage shape functions to represent the vertical vegetation profile and its impacts on the three‐dimensional structure of horizontal wind speeds. Results from the canopy wind model well agree with ground‐based observations with average mean absolute bias, root mean square error and determination coefficients around 0.18 m s−1, 0.40 m s−1and 0.90, respectively. The WAF model provides midflame wind speeds by estimating the WAF based on canopy, fire and flame characteristics. Various user‐definable options provide flexibility to adapt to variations in canopy characteristics and additional complexities associated with wildfires. The model set is expected to improve NWP models by providing an improved representation of the sub‐grid wind flows at any spatial scale.

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LES simulation of terrain slope effects on wind enhancement by a point source fire

Eftekharian

Rashidi

Ghodrat

et al. 2020

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering

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Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Fire Source Configuration on Fire-Wind Enhancement

Cited by 10 publications

References 67 publications

Efficient simulation of turbulent diffusion flames in OpenFOAM using adaptive mesh refinement

Efficient simulation of turbulent diffusion flames in OpenFOAM using adaptive mesh refinement

Evaluation of an In‐Canopy Wind and Wind Adjustment Factor Model for Wildfire Spread Applications Across Scales

LES simulation of terrain slope effects on wind enhancement by a point source fire

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