Numerical and experimental investigation on a BRB confined with partially carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP)

A State-of-the-Art Review of FRP-Confined Steel-Reinforced Concrete (FCSRC) Structural Members

“…The investigated parameters varied and included the sectional configuration, the type of the three constituent materials, the slenderness ratio, and the load eccentricity. On the other hand, the concept of FCSRC systems has been applied to the buckling restrained braces (BRBs) that are commonly used as passive energy dissipation devices in seismic zones (i.e., stabilizing steel braces with FRP reinforcements) [58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68]. As shown in Figure 6, in such a form of BRBs, FRP composites are often used as the external shell, which can provide confinement to improve the buckling behavior and ultimate strength of the steel core.…”

“…Recently, FRP composites with high stiffness have been adopted to prevent the local and overall buckling failure of slender steel members [58,[96][97][98]. Many efforts have been made to apply the concept of FCSRC systems in BRBs for structural repairing [58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68].As shown in Table 2, previous studies on FCSRC BRBs have focused on behavior under axial compression or reversed cyclic loading. The studied parameters included variables of the…”

“…They can be assembled or disassembled by wrapping or cutting the external FRP wraps, respectively, making repair or inspection easier. Research related to this form of BRBs has been extensively carried out [64][65][66][67][68]. Ekiz and El-Tawil [64] conducted an experimental and computational study to investigate the monotonic compressive behavior of small-scale BRBs with mortar or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) blocks as filling material and externally bonded CFRP sheets in the longitudinal and transverse directions (Figure 16a).…”

“…In addition, Deng et al [66] designed a novel hybrid BRB in which four GFRP-pultruded tubes were tied to the core steel brace and cruciform cross section together and externally wrapped with GFRP layers (Figure 16d). On the other hand, Bashiri and Toufigh [68] utilized FRP partial wrapping strengthening schemes in BRBs. In their study, a pair of BRBs with a dog-bone-shaped steel core restrained with RC panels and wrapped with CFRP strips (Figure 16e) was placed into a half-scale steel frame, and the frame was tested under cyclic loading to assess the cyclic behavior of the proposed BRBs.…”

“…Up to date, FCSRC systems have been adopted to strengthen/repair steel structures [32][33][34][35][36]52,55] and as new hybrid structural members (e.g., hybrid columns, beams [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]53,54,56,57], or buckling restrained braces (BRBs) [58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68]). Extensive studies have been carried out to understand the performance of such forms of hybrid structural members, and they have been shown to have excellent performance.…”