“…Zhang et al 4 used the Euler-Lagrange method to investigate the effects of snow particle parameters on snow accumulation of the bogie. Gao et al 5,6 assumed that snow particles adhere after colliding with the bogie and used the discrete-phase method to predict the motion and accumulation of snow particles at the bottom of the train, which is consistent with the wind tunnel test results. Wang et al explored the effects of deflector arrangement, 7 wheel rotation with different bogie cavity shapes, 8 train running speed, snow particle diameter, and snow particle density on snow particle accumulation on the bogie 9 and designed a snow prevention structure at the bogie callipers to reduce snow particle accumulation at the bogie callipers.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 62%
“…Owing to the lack of experimental equipment, this study does not include the comparison of simulation results with experiments. However, Gao et al 6 and Wang et al 7 of Central South University used wood chips instead of snowflakes to conduct wind tunnel tests on the snow accumulation problem of bogies and performed simulation analysis to achieve better consistency; therefore, this study employs the method used by Wang et al 8,10 to study the effect of snow particle shape on the snow accumulation of bogies, which ensures the reliability of the calculation method.…”
Section: Methods For Simulating Snow Particle Movement and Depositionmentioning
Natural snow particles come in various complex shapes and have different forces acting on them. The forces acting on snow particles of various shapes are customised in this study based on the shape correction coefficients and sphericity theories. The wind and snow flow at the bottom of the train are solved by coupling the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulation with the discrete phase model to explore the snow accumulation problem of high-speed train bogies more realistically. The findings reveal that changing the morphology of snow particles impacts their resistance to movement in the bogie region, affecting their mobility in the bogie region. Snow particles with higher resistance will stay in the low-speed zone of the bogie region, increasing snow particle concentration and accumulation, whereas snow particles with lower resistance follow airflow movement and gather fewer in the low-speed zone. Different shapes of snow particles accumulate in different amounts on the bogie components, with the most accumulation by spherical snow particles in the braking system and suspension system surface. Therefore, using spherical snow particles to simulate wind and snow flow phenomenon at the bottom of the train can indicate the worst case.
“…Zhang et al 4 used the Euler-Lagrange method to investigate the effects of snow particle parameters on snow accumulation of the bogie. Gao et al 5,6 assumed that snow particles adhere after colliding with the bogie and used the discrete-phase method to predict the motion and accumulation of snow particles at the bottom of the train, which is consistent with the wind tunnel test results. Wang et al explored the effects of deflector arrangement, 7 wheel rotation with different bogie cavity shapes, 8 train running speed, snow particle diameter, and snow particle density on snow particle accumulation on the bogie 9 and designed a snow prevention structure at the bogie callipers to reduce snow particle accumulation at the bogie callipers.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 62%
“…Owing to the lack of experimental equipment, this study does not include the comparison of simulation results with experiments. However, Gao et al 6 and Wang et al 7 of Central South University used wood chips instead of snowflakes to conduct wind tunnel tests on the snow accumulation problem of bogies and performed simulation analysis to achieve better consistency; therefore, this study employs the method used by Wang et al 8,10 to study the effect of snow particle shape on the snow accumulation of bogies, which ensures the reliability of the calculation method.…”
Section: Methods For Simulating Snow Particle Movement and Depositionmentioning
Natural snow particles come in various complex shapes and have different forces acting on them. The forces acting on snow particles of various shapes are customised in this study based on the shape correction coefficients and sphericity theories. The wind and snow flow at the bottom of the train are solved by coupling the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulation with the discrete phase model to explore the snow accumulation problem of high-speed train bogies more realistically. The findings reveal that changing the morphology of snow particles impacts their resistance to movement in the bogie region, affecting their mobility in the bogie region. Snow particles with higher resistance will stay in the low-speed zone of the bogie region, increasing snow particle concentration and accumulation, whereas snow particles with lower resistance follow airflow movement and gather fewer in the low-speed zone. Different shapes of snow particles accumulate in different amounts on the bogie components, with the most accumulation by spherical snow particles in the braking system and suspension system surface. Therefore, using spherical snow particles to simulate wind and snow flow phenomenon at the bottom of the train can indicate the worst case.
“…Reducing the subgrade snow cover is relatively simple. It mainly involves manual labour and mechanical equipment, 14,15 including snow removal vehicles (Figure 2), salt spraying vehicles, snow melting vehicles, snow lifting vehicles, snow transport vehicles and de-icing vehicles. The respective application cases in Japan have strong reference value.…”
Section: Status Of Current Anti-icing and De-icing Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Yu et al 71 designed an arc-shaped diversion slot, which was installed on the bogie front and verified its snow-resistance effect with numerical simulations and wind tunnel tests.Figure 10.Diversion device: (a) deflector blocks; (b) deflector plates; (c) diversion slots. 14 …”
Section: Studies On Basic Issues Of Train Anti-icing and De-icingmentioning
Train icing may cause a series of problems to the safety of railway transportation in high and cold regions. Some important technologies on solving this issue are discussed in this paper, with the latest research landscape provided and the future development opportunities suggested. The hazards and principles of train icing are explained firstly, followed by a summary of several available methods of snow melting and de-icing, with their application and shortcomings indicated. The research progress of some basic issues such as the snow conditions of bogie parts and the optimal design of snow protection are discussed and analysed in detail. However, the problem of snow and ice accumulation during train operation has not been completely solved with the existing methods. At the end of this pager, suggestions on snow-resistance technology for trains are proposed for future study and development.
“…In foreign research, Gao G. et al used the two-phase flow model to simulate the bogie area's snow of high-speed trains [5][6] . Wang J. et al used a DPM model to simulate the reflection motion and accumulation of the train bogie area [7][8] .…”
With the continuous expansion of high-speed rail lines in China, high-speed trains are operating in increasingly complex and changing environments, facing challenges such as strong winds and heavy snow. When high-speed trains operate in high-altitude areas, they may collide, deposit, and adhere to key components, forming snow, directly reducing traction, shock absorption, braking and other performance, affecting high-speed trains' comfortable and operational safety, and bringing many difficulties to railway construction and operation.This paper is based on wind tunnel experiments using the silk thread method to observe the streamline flow direction in the bogie area. Experiments have shown that key parts of the bogie are susceptible to impact and form snow, while snow is less likely to form on the leeward side and above the bogie.
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