Numerical and experimental study of a plasma cutting torch

Freton, Pierre; Gonzalez, Jean‐Jacques; Gleizes, Alain; Peyret, F Camy; Caillibotte, Georges; Delzenne, M

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/35/2/304

Cited by 87 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…We will follow the guidelines given by this simpler quoted case and consider that the strongly heated arc flow becomes sonic at the nozzle exit. This condition is commonly used in torch models and is well verified in numerical simulations [5,6].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…[4], it removes the conditions of isothermal evolution of the gas and of equal velocities of arc and gas flows, which are not well verified in the simulations in of Refs. [5,6] as deduced from the temperature and Mach number profiles in the nozzle region. Moreover, Steenbeck's principle is not required to determine the initial arc radius, as was done in Ref.…”

Section: Discussion and Final Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most complete theoretical plasma studies in cutting torches were presented by González-Aguilar et al [5] and Freton et al [6]. In Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Ref. [6], a two-dimensional turbulent code was presented and compared with spectroscopic measurements. It was found that turbulence effects were important, mainly in the outer region of the torch (between the nozzle exit and the work piece).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrodynamic model for the plasma-gas flow in a cutting torch nozzle

Kelly¹,

Minotti²,

Prevosto³

et al. 2004

Braz. J. Phys.

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We present a simple hydrodynamic model to obtain the profiles of the relevant physical quantities along a nozzle of arbitrary cross-section in a cutting torch. The model uses a two-zone approximation (a hot central plasma carrying the discharge current wrapped by a relatively cold gas which thermally isolates the nozzle wall from the plasma). Seeking for a solution with sonic conditions at the nozzle exit, the model allows expressing all the profiles in terms of the externally controlled parameters of the torch (geometry of the torch, discharge current, mass flow of the gas and plenum pressure) and the values of the arc and gas temperatures at the nozzle entrance. These last two values can be estimated simply appealing to energy conservation in the cathode-nozzle region. The model contains additional features compared with previous reported models, while retaining simplicity. The detailed consideration of an arc region coupled to the surrounding gas dynamics allows determining voltage drops and consequent delivered power with less assumptions than those found in other published works, and at the same time reduces the set of parameters needed to determine the solution.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussion and Final Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most complete theoretical plasma studies in cutting torches were presented by González-Aguilar et al [5] and Freton et al [6]. In Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Hydrodynamic model for the plasma-gas flow in a cutting torch nozzle

Kelly¹,

Minotti²,

Prevosto³

et al. 2004

Braz. J. Phys.

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“…Typical plasma temperature obtained in this work at the arc center and immediately below the nozzle exit were from 22000 to 25000 K for 150 A, from 18000 to 20000 K for 100 A, and from 14000 to 17000 K for 50 A. Recently, Freton et al [6] presented an experimental and theoretical study of a plasma cutting torch using, in one experimental confi guration, a rotating circular disk anode to whose lateral surface the arc was anchored. From spectroscopic line intensity measurements, an arc temperature of 16500 K was found on the arc axis at 1 mm from the nozzle exit for a 30 A torch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Experimental characterization of a low-current cutting torch

et al. 2004

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An experimental characterization of a low-current (30-40 A) cutting torch is presented. To avoid contamination of the plasma arc by removed anode material, a rotating steel cylinder was used as the anode and the arc was anchored onto the cylinder lateral surface. The cathode-anode and cathode-nozzle voltage drops, together with the gas pressure in the plenum chamber were registered for different values of the mass flow rate injected into the plenum chamber. By employing an optical system with a large magnifi cation (≈ 15 X), the arc radius at the nozzle exit was also determined with a digital optical camera. The obtained experimental quantities were used to evaluate several flow properties at the nozzle exit (hot arc plasma and cold gas temperatures, arc and gas velocities, etc.) by employing a simplifi ed theoretical model for the plasma flow in the nozzle. The obtained results are in reasonable agreement with the data reported in the literature by other authors. Explanations of the origin of the clogging effect and the nozzle voltage are also presented.

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Three‐Dimensional Modeling of Thermal Plasmas (RF and Transferred Arc) for the Design of Sources and Industrial Processes

Colombo

Ghedini

Mentrelli

et al. 2007

Advanced Plasma Technology

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A three-dimensional (3-D) model for the simulation of inductively coupled plasma torches (ICPTs) working at atmospheric pressure has been developed at the University of Bologna, using the customized CFD commercial code FLUENT 1 . The helicoidal coil is taken into account in its actual 3-D shape, showing its effects on the plasma discharge for various geometric, electric and operating conditions without axisymmetric hypotheses of simplification. Simulations have been performed for Ar plasmas. The gas injection section of an industrial TEKNA PL-35 plasma torch is included in the model without geometry simplifications, refining the mesh at the injection points, in order to perform a more realistic simulation of the inlet region of the discharge, taking into account also turbulence effects. Metallic and ceramic particle axial injection in the discharge through a carrier gas by means of a probe is simulated as well, taking into account the energy and momentum transfer between the continuous and the discrete phases and the effect of particle turbulent dispersion. The behavior of transferred arc thermal plasma sources operating at atmospheric pressure for the treatment of a substrate material (for waste treatment purposes and for metallic substrate cutting or hardening) has also been investigated by means of a 3-D time-dependent numerical model, using a customized version of the CFD commercial code FLUENT 1 . Unsteady flow and heat transfer equations are solved with coupled electromagnetic ones, for an Ar optically thin plasma under conditions of laminar flow and local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). The transient effects of an imposed external magnetic field on the shape of the single torch arc are investigated. The importance of fully investigating plasma velocity and temperature fields in high-power twin torch transferred arc systems designed for waste treatment purposes is outlined with reference to a plasma source designed and operated by Centro Sviluppo Materiali (CSM SpA) in Castel Romano, Rome. All calculations have been performed using PlasMac, a cluster of workstations available at CIRAM & DIEM, University of Bologna, so allowing for a large reduction in computational time as well as for the treatment of complex computational domains otherwise not manageable with traditional personal computers.Advanced Plasma Technology. Edited

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Numerical and experimental study of a plasma cutting torch

Cited by 87 publications

References 18 publications

Hydrodynamic model for the plasma-gas flow in a cutting torch nozzle

Hydrodynamic model for the plasma-gas flow in a cutting torch nozzle

Experimental characterization of a low-current cutting torch

Three‐Dimensional Modeling of Thermal Plasmas (RF and Transferred Arc) for the Design of Sources and Industrial Processes

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