Numerical estimation of the torsional stiffness characteristics on urban Shell Eco-Marathon (SEM) vehicle design

Ary, Angga Kengkongan; Sanjaya, Yuwana; Prabowo, Aditya Rio; Imaduddin, Fitrian; Nordin, Nur Azmah; Istanto, Iwan; Cho, Joung Hyung

doi:10.1515/cls-2021-0016

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the design of automotive structures, the requirements commonly include stiffness requirements, i.e., bending stiffness and torsion stiffness, and safety factor under normal operating conditions (Ary et al, 2021;Li & Feng, 2020;Singh, 2010). Ary et al (2021) analyzed the shell eco-marathon structure with variations of materials and thicknesses under normal conditions, such as longitudinal and lateral loadings from braking and cornering. A suitable model was obtained by seeking the maximum torsional strength similar to the process used in designing an automobile chassis (Santa Rao et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing stiffness and lightweight design of composite monocoque sandwich structure for electric heavy quadricycle

Homsnit,

Kongwat,

Ruangjirakit

et al. 2023

Lat. Am. j. solids struct.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The lightweight design of electric heavy quadricycle (L7e) vehicles has contributed to energy savings and sustainable mobility. This study proposes an optimization methodology to design a monocoque sandwich structure under operating conditions for an L7e using a finite element model via HyperWorks. Woven fiberglass fabrics and high-density PVC foam are assigned as the face and core to construct the sandwich structure, respectively. Free-size optimization based on weight minimization is applied to obtain the suitable initial thickness of face and core structures in all components. Multi-objective size optimization is then performed by minimizing both mass and material cost to determine the optimal thickness of each layer. Finally, shuffle optimization is used to modify the stacking sequence for each component to maximize structural stiffness. The results indicate that the core thickness in the passenger compartment is sufficient to maintain stiffness while maintaining the structure's lightweight. However, shuffle optimization is insignificant for the current monocoque model, as the structural stiffness is only marginally improved after the process. Additionally, this study examines the optimized models for structural stiffness and discusses suitable procedures for designing a lightweight and safe electric vehicle.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing stiffness and lightweight design of composite monocoque sandwich structure for electric heavy quadricycle

Homsnit,

Kongwat,

Ruangjirakit

et al. 2023

Lat. Am. j. solids struct.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Research on torsional strength concluded that f the actor that exerts the most significant influence on torsional rigidity is the shear modulus and the material used [9]. The analyses of Abramyan (1951), Byrne and Carré (1962), and Marshall (1970, 1971 show that the torsional shear stress decreases through the wall thickness [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Critical Load on Quadrilateral and Circular Hollow Pipes under Pure Bending and Pure Torsion

Yudo,

Susilo,

Chrismianto

et al. 2023

Construction Technologies and Architecture

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Instability is one of the factors causing damage and injury that results in permanent disability. To increase the stable load-carrying capacity, a simplified and efficient computational method for determining the first critical load is necessary for the structure's structural design, application and safety. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the critical bending moment Mbcr and the critical torsion moment MTcr due to geometric size variations in the square, diamond, and circle cross-sectional hollow pipes so that consideration of the selection of hollow pipe size and cross-sectional shape is obtained under pure bending and pure torsion to minimize the occurrence of instability of the structure. The geometric size variation is carried out by changing the value of a/t in the quadrilateral pipe, the value of D/t in the circular pipe, and the length of the pipe L in each cross-sectional shape. This research was conducted using Finite Element Analysis-based software with linear and nonlinear buckling analyses. The moment load is given at the centre point of the model end, and the boundary conditions are set to see the deformation on the mid-span section of the pipe. The results showed that Mbcr and MTcr were inversely proportional to the values of a/t, D/t, and . The largest value of Mbcr belongs to the circular pipe. The value of Mbcr in the diamond pipe is greater than the square pipe but getting closer to the same as the value of L increases the MTcr value of both cross-sections is the same. The MTcr curve in the cross-section of the circle has a higher degree of steepness than the square and diamond cross-section. At the same value, the more the value of a/t and D/t increases thickness change has more compared to the circular pipe. At the same L, the greater the value of a/t and D/t, the difference in the Mbcr between the cross-section of the circle and the quadrilateral is smaller, but the difference in MTcr tends to be the same. At the same value of a/t and D/t, the oval deformation value and angle of twist will get bigger, but the Mbcr and MTcr values are getting smaller and will be constant at a given pipe length.

show abstract

“…The Shell Group sponsors an international competition called the Shell Eco-marathon, which focuses on lowering vehicle fuel consumption and is competed in by university groups of enthusiastic automobile teachers and students all over the world [3][4][5][6][7][8]. This and similar events foster several automotive technology developments, including the demonstration of distinctive car designs [9][10][11] , energy management systems [12][13][14][15][16] , powertrain innovations [17][18][19][20], advanced use of materials and manufacturing methods [21,22], mechanical design [23][24][25][26][27] and the development of new 3D-printed automotive parts [28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 3D-Printed Continuously Variable Transmission for an Electric Vehicle Prototype

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper aims to present the design of a new 3D-printed continuously variable transmission (CVT) developed for an electric vehicle prototype competing in Shell Eco-marathon electric battery category, a world-wide energy efficiency competition sponsored by Shell. The proposed system is composed of a polymeric conic geared friction wheel assembled in the motor axle and directly coupled to the rear tire of the vehicle. The conical shape allows to implement a continuous variation of the geared friction wheel diameter in contact with the tire. The motor with the geared friction wheel was mounted over a board with linear bearings, allowing the speed ratio to change by moving the board laterally. A computational simulation model of a prototype electric vehicle with the proposed 3D-printed CVT was created in Matlab/Simulink environment to obtain the traction force in the geared friction wheel and also to analyze the vehicle performance. The simulation results demonstrated possibilities of increasing vehicle speed range output and available torque in the rear traction wheel. Also, it is shown with the simulated model that the designed CVT consumes 10.46% less energy than a fixed transmission ratio, demonstrating the CVT concept’s potential for battery consumption reduction. Lastly, a 3D-printing slicing software with an optimization algorithm plug-in was used to determine the best printing parameters for the conic geared friction wheel based on the tangential force, maximum displacement and safety factor. When compared to the original part with a 100% infill density, the optimized solution reduced the component mass by about 12% while maintaining safe mechanical resistance and stiffness.

show abstract

Numerical estimation of the torsional stiffness characteristics on urban Shell Eco-Marathon (SEM) vehicle design

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Optimizing stiffness and lightweight design of composite monocoque sandwich structure for electric heavy quadricycle

Optimizing stiffness and lightweight design of composite monocoque sandwich structure for electric heavy quadricycle

The Critical Load on Quadrilateral and Circular Hollow Pipes under Pure Bending and Pure Torsion

A 3D-Printed Continuously Variable Transmission for an Electric Vehicle Prototype

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About