Numerical Evaluation of Hypervelocity Impact Phenomena

Massive cluster impact mass spectrometry: A new desorption method for the analysis of large biomolecules

“…First, the energy component transmitted along the matrix surface could be rapidly released from the periphery of the contact area causing surface material to be ejected. 36 Secondly, rapid heating induced by a shock impulse can cause subsurface vaporization of the matrix material as observed in other impact phenomena." A more detailed analysis of the mechanism is the subject of a separate report.27 The analysis of the mass spectral results is complicated due to the nature of the primary cluster beam.…”

A Free-Lagrange Augmented Godunov Method for the Simulation of Elastic–Plastic Solids

“…Two equations of state (EOS) have been employed in the present work; the 'stiffened gas' EOS (see Tyndall [39], Harlow and Amsden [16], and Weixen [43]) and the quadratic Osborne EOS (see Riney [28]). The 'stiffened gas' EOS is a simplification of the more general Mie-Grüneisen EOS.…”

“…For example, provided that an expression for the local sound speed can be obtained, there is no reason why a more accurate version of the Mie-Grüneisen EOS cannot be employed (see Gust [14] and Steinberg et al [31]). Once (27) and (28) have been used to obtain the intermediate values of the conserved variables, the particle positions can be updated by integrating the intermediate velocityũ.…”

Real Gas Computation Using an Energy Relaxation Method and High-Order WENO Schemes

“…R. K. Osborne from the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory has developed a quite general equation of states in the form [17] …”