Numerical / Experimental Investigation of Airfoil Shape for Small VAWT

Quantification of Airfoil Aerodynamic Uncertainty due to Pressure-Sensitive Paint Thickness

“…Kriging interpolation was originally introduced in the geostatistics and mining fields. For example, Yamazaki and Arakawa [22] applied the Kriging response surface approach to shape optimization of vertical-axis wind turbine airfoils. A kriging model provides a way to predict the response of unobserved points based on all of the observed points, and it consists of a global model and local deviations, which is a realization of a Gaussian process governed by prior covariance [23].…”