Numerical exploration of mixed convection heat transfer features within a copper-water nanofluidic medium occupied a square geometrical cavity

Abstract

The phenomenon of mixed convection heat transfer in a homogeneous mixture is deliberated thoroughly in this study for cooper-water nanofluids flowing inside a lid-driven square cavity. By adopting the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation and using the single-phase nanofluid model, the governing partial differential equations modeling the present flow are stated mathematically based on the Navier--Stokes and thermal balance formulations, where the important features of the scrutinized medium are presumed to remain constant at the cold temperature. Note here that the density quantity in the buoyancy body force is a linear temperature-dependent function. The characteristic quantities are computed realistically via the commonly used phenomenological laws and the more accurate experimental correlations. A feasible non-dimensionalization procedure has been employed to derive the dimensionless conservation equations. The resulting nonlinear differential equations are solved numerically for realistic boundary conditions by employing the fourth-order compact finite-difference method (FOCFDM). After performing extensive validations with the previously published findings, the dynamical and thermal features of the studied convective nanofluid flow are revealed to be in good agreement for sundry values of the involved physical parameters. Besides, the present numerical outcomes are discussed graphically and tabularly with the help of streamlines, isotherms, velocity fields, temperature distributions, and local heat transfer rate profiles.

Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer of Fractionalized MHD Second-Grade Fluid over Nonlinearly Moving Porous Plate

“…In comparison with Figure 21, it can be observed that increasing the fractional parameters values, flow characteristics get closer to those of the ordinary fluid flow for both the second-grade and Newtonian-type fluids. e obtained results are compared with the analytical solutions of the flow field presented by the recent studies [23][24][25] which are found to be more compact and simplified. e accuracy of the flow behavior is graphically analysed by setting three decimal places in numerical calculations.…”

“…Khan [22] studied heat transfer in a thin film of the steady form of flow in touch with the first layer of boundary of porous material in the presence of second-grade fluid. Wakif analysed the analytical and numerical solution of fluid flow with convection heat transfer [23][24][25]. Bhatti et al [26] analysed higher-order slip flow of Eyring-Powell nanofluid for Darcy-Forchheimer in the presence of bioconvection and nonlinear thermal radiation and proved that bioconvection Lewis number declines the microorganism profile while the increasing trend is noted for higher values of slip parameter.…”