“…Experimental details, such as distribution of particle sizes, dielectric properties, inter-arrival times, velocities, and trajectories can be accounted, along with an allowance for the measurement noise. Hence, a virtual laboratory can be developed using finite-element-based approaches, providing synthetic data streams that closely mimic experimental conditions 148,149 . As such, finite element simulations are widely used for in silico device design, testing and optimization, thus allowing a reduction of time and resources needed to move from novel ideas to prototypes 62,77,86,93,[97][98][99]108,150 .…”