“…The modeling of gas-solid flow within fluidized beds has been widely studied in the chemical and petroleum engineering communities because of its relevance to flows in reactors and vertical risers [43,44,10,27,26]. Gas flows in porous media have also been examined [45,20], and reactive dusty gas flows have been investigated because of their potential to detonate in the presence of an ignition source [23,49,40,22]. Many of the models used to analyze these systems are based on the Eulerian multiphase continuum approach, where the flow field is represented by overlapping continua which coexist at each spatial location.…”