Numerical investigation of glycerol/diesel emulsion combustion in compression ignition conditions using Stochastic Reactor Model

Lewandowski, Michał T.; Netzer, Corinna; Emberson, David R.; Løvås, Terese

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122246

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The maps offer a simplified representation of reality, representing the inhomogeneous characteristics of direct injection systems and stratified engine concepts by using a wide set of ideal reactors. They have proven useful when combined with numerical tools like computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and stochastic reactor model calculations. These tools account for inhomogeneities and transient behavior, and, coupled with ϕ– T maps, they provide valuable insight into promising operating strategies. ,− Such studies have suggested that combustion modes, including homogeneous charge CI (HCCI), reactivity-controlled CI (RCCI), and other low-temperature combustion (LTC) strategies, provide conditions favorable for avoiding regions where soot and NO x are formed in hydrocarbon-based fuels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ammonia in Dual-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: Impact on NO_x, N₂O, and Soot Formation

Pedersen,

Lewandowski,

Schulze-Netzer

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The combustion of ammonia in internal combustion engines (ICE) releases nitrogen-related exhaust emissions. Numerous studies have shown that the increased formation of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) may offset ammonia's carbon-free advantages, leading to a higher greenhouse gas potential than fossil fuels. Moreover, nitrogen contained in ammonia further promotes an increase in NO x formation. This study aims to expand the understanding of emission formation in dual-fuel ICEs when using ammonia as a fuel. By constant-pressure reactor simulations coupled with detailed reaction kinetics, the concept of equivalence ratio−temperature diagrams was employed to characterize conditions featuring high NO x , N 2 O, and soot concentrations. The diagrams were obtained for pure ammonia, pure n-heptane, and three blends with ammonia energy shares (AES) of 20, 50, and 80%. Our findings strengthen the perception that high concentrations of N 2 O in ICEs are related to incomplete combustion. A higher AES leads to increased N 2 O concentration during the ignition, going from single-digit ppm levels for pure n-heptane to conditions featuring levels 3 orders of magnitude higher for pure ammonia. In fully burned mixtures, N 2 O emissions feature a low fuel dependency and single-digit concentration levels only at low equivalence ratios and high temperatures. Further, varying contributions from the fuel NO, prompt NO, and thermal De-NO x mechanisms were observed with fuel composition; however, the thermal NO contribution led to a fuel-independent behavior for NO x emissions at temperatures above 2600 K. The soot concentration decreases as the carbon content in the fuel decreases. In our configuration, the lowest equivalence ratio at which the 0.1% soot yield limit was observed was 2.20 for pure n-heptane, 2.65 for AES of 20%, 5.05 for 50% AES, and not attained for higher AES. Ultimately, it was found that in fuel-rich regimes and at fully burned conditions, low concentrations of NO x and N 2 O emissions are observed.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia in Dual-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: Impact on NO_x, N₂O, and Soot Formation

Pedersen,

Lewandowski,

Schulze-Netzer

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

A review of the development and application of soot modelling for modern diesel engines and the soot modelling for different fuels

Yin,

Liu,

Tan

et al. 2023

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Particulate Matter Morphology and Composition from Glycerol Emulsion Fuel Combustion in a Turbo-Charged Indirect-Injection Engine

Eaton,

Sarnacki,

Wallace

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Numerical investigation of glycerol/diesel emulsion combustion in compression ignition conditions using Stochastic Reactor Model

Cited by 3 publications

References 46 publications

Ammonia in Dual-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: Impact on NO_x, N₂O, and Soot Formation

Ammonia in Dual-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: Impact on NO_x, N₂O, and Soot Formation

A review of the development and application of soot modelling for modern diesel engines and the soot modelling for different fuels

Particulate Matter Morphology and Composition from Glycerol Emulsion Fuel Combustion in a Turbo-Charged Indirect-Injection Engine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Numerical investigation of glycerol/diesel emulsion combustion in compression ignition conditions using Stochastic Reactor Model

Cited by 3 publications

References 46 publications

Ammonia in Dual-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: Impact on NOx, N2O, and Soot Formation

Ammonia in Dual-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: Impact on NOx, N2O, and Soot Formation

A review of the development and application of soot modelling for modern diesel engines and the soot modelling for different fuels

Particulate Matter Morphology and Composition from Glycerol Emulsion Fuel Combustion in a Turbo-Charged Indirect-Injection Engine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Ammonia in Dual-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: Impact on NO_x, N₂O, and Soot Formation

Ammonia in Dual-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: Impact on NO_x, N₂O, and Soot Formation