Numerical investigation of hydrodynamics and crystal growth in a forced circulation crystallizer

Tizbin, Shahriar; Jafarian, Ali; Darand, Jamal

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2020.114739

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This observation can be explained by the fact that increased agitation can dissipate local areas of supersaturation, creating a uniform supersaturation and repeatable results. Tizbin et al 84 performed a CFD analysis to study particulate flow inside a forced circulation crystallizer using the geometry of a smallscale industrial crystallizer. Their study was the first to model interparticle interactions such as breakage (attrition), aggregation, and kinetics (growth model), which leads to a deeper understanding of the PSD variations in the crystallizer.…”

Section: Cooling Profile 311 Controlled Cooling/cubicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Particle Size Specification in Pharmaceutical Crystallization: A Review on Recent Process Design and Development Strategies and Particle Size Measurements

Liu

Bagi²,

Su³

et al. 2022

Org. Process Res. Dev.

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Obtaining a particle size within the specifications for a pharmaceutical compound in an industrial crystallization can be a challenging task. The events affecting the final particle size of the product include nucleation, growth, breakage, and agglomeration, which are often convoluted. Secondary nucleation may significantly influence the particle size distribution. The strategies and techniques relevant to obtaining an in-spec particle size in crystallization are summarized and discussed from a perspective of process parameters. The effect of cooling profiles, seeding strategies, as well as mixing by agitation are reviewed, and an efficient and controlled crystallization process may be achieved using an optimized combination of these conditions. Multiple characterization methods for particle size and distribution are compared, and the discrepancies associated with the measurements are addressed.

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Section: Cooling Profile 311 Controlled Cooling/cubicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Particle Size Specification in Pharmaceutical Crystallization: A Review on Recent Process Design and Development Strategies and Particle Size Measurements

Liu

Bagi²,

Su³

et al. 2022

Org. Process Res. Dev.

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“…25 Tizbin et al used the Euler−Euler model and combined it with the theory of particle flow dynamics to simulate the industrial forced circulation crystallizer and found that about 65% of the crystal growth occurred in the boiling zone and mixing zone of the crystallizer. 26 However, the PBE is a partial differential equation based on the number density function, and as its form is extremely complex, it often can only solve its numerical solution. 27 Currently, the discrete method is used the most frequently to solve PBE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean crystal size of the l -glutamic acid crystals was found to be 160 mm by numerical simulation . Tizbin et al used the Euler–Euler model and combined it with the theory of particle flow dynamics to simulate the industrial forced circulation crystallizer and found that about 65% of the crystal growth occurred in the boiling zone and mixing zone of the crystallizer …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD-PBE Simulation of para-Xylene Crystallization Behavior and Process Amplification under Different Operating Conditions

Dong,

Wu,

Liu

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The crystallization technology is one of the most potential ways to produce para-xylene (PX) with high purity, but it has some drawbacks such as low yield and difficult to control crystallization due to the insufficient study of the PX nucleation characteristics and growth behavior. To further investigate this issue, this paper couples the Euler−Euler model and population balance equation (PBE) model, correlates the PX crystallization kinetics, and accurately solves the PBE using the Gaussian integral hypothesis and product difference algorithm, which innovatively and directly simulates the PX suspension crystallization process and yields its multiphysical field characteristics. A multiobjective genetic algorithm is then used to study and optimize the crystallization mechanism and variation patterns, and the PX crystallization amplification law is derived. The results can be concluded as follows.There is a complete internal circulation flow in the crystallizer, and the fluid near the stirring paddle, at the entrance, and at the bottom has the strongest molecular kinetic energy and mixing degree. The crystal concentration and size increase exponentially before 750 s of crystallization, after which the growth trend decreases and gradually reaches dynamic equilibrium. The inlet velocity and stirring speed are inversely connected with the average particle size and particle size distribution interval, while supersaturation is positively correlated with both. The supersaturation has the most obvious effect on the crystal size distribution (CSD) curve. In comparison to the original settings, the optimized operating parameters raise the average particle size of PX by 6.68% and decrease the distribution interval by 38.21%. At last, the sedimentation velocity can be employed as an amplification factor to simplify the amplification process. This paper might serve as a theoretical reference for PX crystallization research and process optimization.

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“…Compared with experimental studies, CFD simulations break the limitations of specific experimental equipment, fluid disturbance experimenter safety and measurement accuracy, and have the advantages of low cost and high efficiency, and are also gradually being widely used in the chemical industry. [11][12][13] Numerous studies have been conducted by researchers both at home and abroad to explore the application and flow characteristics of different impellers in reactors. Bao et al 14 found that concentric biaxial agitators composed of double-layer combined oars with an inclined impeller upper layer and a hexagonal impeller lower layer were suitable for high viscosity Newtonian fluids and were highly efficient and energy-saving.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural improvement of propeller impellers of high-temperature and high-pressure reactor based on TRIZ theory

Wang,

Luo,

Chen

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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With the rapid development of science and technology, exploration and study of extreme environments have advanced significantly. Consequently, the demand for equipment designed to operate under these conditions has increased. This paper proposes an innovative design method for stirring impeller structures based on the Teoriya Resheniya Izobreatatelskikh Zadatch (TRIZ) theory. By analyzing the interaction between components during the stirring process, we establish a TRIZ conflict resolution-based model for the innovative design process of stirring impeller structures. Our innovative design process is model-led, based on the TRIZ conflict resolution theory. This process improves existing stirrer structures to design a new type of stirrer with an ultra-thin multi-cross-shaped hole structure. We compare our proposed structural model to an existing stirrer using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for numerical simulation. The effect of different thicknesses, numbers of holes, radii, and shapes of the frame stirrer on the flow field values was analyzed. The results indicate that reducing the stirrer thickness, increasing the number of holes, and perforating the stirring impeller can enhance its stirring capacity. Changing the opening radius and adding special-shaped holes to the stirring impeller can also modify its stirring capacity. Ultimately, the proposed frame stirrer with an ultra-thin multi-cross-shaped hole structure increases the maximum turbulence kinetic energy by 14.6% and the maximum speed by 32.9% compared to the existing stirrer. Studying the feasibility of this innovative model and design method can provide new ideas for designing high-temperature and high-pressure reactor impellers in extreme environments.

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Numerical investigation of hydrodynamics and crystal growth in a forced circulation crystallizer

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Targeting Particle Size Specification in Pharmaceutical Crystallization: A Review on Recent Process Design and Development Strategies and Particle Size Measurements

Targeting Particle Size Specification in Pharmaceutical Crystallization: A Review on Recent Process Design and Development Strategies and Particle Size Measurements

CFD-PBE Simulation of para-Xylene Crystallization Behavior and Process Amplification under Different Operating Conditions

Structural improvement of propeller impellers of high-temperature and high-pressure reactor based on TRIZ theory

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