Numerical Investigation of Sheath and Aerosol Flows in the Flow Combination Section of a Baron Fiber Classifier

Dubey, Prahit; Ghia, Urmila; Turkevich, Leonid A.

doi:10.1080/02786826.2014.936342

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The first type of uncertainty estimation is conducted through the use of Grid Convergence Index (GCI) method proposed by Celik et al [29]. This method has been evaluated and implemented in several hundred CFD studies [30][31][32][33]. In order to estimate GCI, Case 3 (Table 4) was simulated on three different grids (Cases 4 & 5), which are shown in Table 7.…”

Section: Grid Independence Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Comparison of Immersion and Cold-Plate Based Cooling for Automotive Li-Ion Battery Modules

Dubey¹,

Pulugundla²,

Srouji³

2021

Energies

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106

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The current paper evaluates the thermal performance of immersion cooling for an Electric Vehicle (EV) battery module comprised of NCA-chemistry based cylindrical 21700 format Lithium-ion cells. Efficacy of immersion cooling in improving maximum cell temperature, cell’s temperature gradient, cell-to-cell temperature differential, and pressure drop in the module are investigated by direct comparison with a cold-plate-cooled battery module. Parametric analyses are performed at different module discharge C-rates and coolant flow rates to understand the sensitivity of each cooling strategy to important system performance parameters. The entire numerical analysis is performed using a validated 3D time-accurate Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methodology in STAR-CCM+. Results demonstrate that immersion cooling due its higher thermal conductance leads to a lower maximum cell temperature and lower temperature gradients within the cells at high discharge rates. However, a higher rate of heat rejection and poor thermal properties of the dielectric liquid results in a much higher temperature non-uniformity across the module. At lower discharge rates, the two cooling methods show similar thermal performance. Additionally, owing to the lower viscosity and density of the considered dielectric liquid, an immersion-cooled battery module performs significantly better than the cold-plate-cooled module in terms of both coolant pressure drop.

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Section: Grid Independence Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Comparison of Immersion and Cold-Plate Based Cooling for Automotive Li-Ion Battery Modules

Dubey¹,

Pulugundla²,

Srouji³

2021

Energies

Self Cite

106

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“…They could separate fibers down to 8 µm in length. The Baron separator design was later optimized [148,154] and the device has been used by the US National Institute of Occupational Health and Safety (NIOSH) for the preparation of samples for in vitro testing of the influence of fiber length on toxicity [155].…”

Section: Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of dielectrophoretic separation and classification of non‐biological particles

Pesch

2020

Electrophoresis

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A review of dielectrophoretic separation and classification of non-biological particles Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a selective electrokinetic particle manipulation technology that is applied for almost 100 years and currently finds most applications in biomedical research using microfluidic devices operating at moderate to low throughput. This paper reviews DEP separators capable of high-throughput operation and research addressing separation and analysis of non-biological particle systems. Apart from discussing particle polarization mechanisms, this review summarizes the early applications of DEP for dielectric sorting of minerals and lists contemporary applications in solid/liquid, liquid/liquid, and solid/air separation, for example, DEP filtration or airborne fiber length classification; the review also summarizes developments in DEP fouling suppression, gives a brief overview of electrocoalescence and addresses current problems in high-throughput DEP separation. We aim to provide inspiration for DEP application schemes outside of the biomedical sector, for example, for the recovery of precious metal from scrap or for extraction of metal from low-grade ore.

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“…In a few available studies, DEP was used to separate airborne fibers according to their length [20][21][22][23][24] . The socalled Baron separator is the only reported application of DEP for the separation or classification of airborne particles.…”

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confidence: 99%

Aerosol classification by dielectrophoresis: a theoretical study on spherical particles

Lorenz

Weber

Baune

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The possibilities and limitations using dielectrophoresis (DEP) for the dry classification of spherical aerosol particles was evaluated at low concentrations in a theoretical study. For an instrument with the geometry of concentric cylinders (similar to cylindrical DMA), the dependencies of target particle diameter d * P , resolution, and yield of the DEP classification on residence time, applied electric field strength, and pressure of the carrier gas were investigated. Further, the diffusion influence on the classification was considered. It was found that d * P scales with the mean gas flow velocity u gas , classifier length L, and electric field strength E as d * P ∝ (u gas /L) 0.5 E −1. The resolution of the classification depends on the particle diameter and scales proportionally to d * P 1.3. It is constrained by the flow ratio β (i.e., sheath gas to aerosol flow), electrode diameters, and applied electric field strength. The classification yield increases with the ratio of the width of the extended outlet slit s e to the diffusion induced broadening σ z. As expected, resolution and yield exhibit opposite dependencies on s e /σ z. Our simulations show that DEP classification can principally cover a highly interesting particle size range from 100 nm to 10 µm while being directly particle size-selective and particle charge independent. The dry classification of particles with diameters below 10 µm is key to obtain high-value powders with narrow size distributions. These fine particles find application in a variety of high-value products such as coatings 1 , printing products 2 , porous functional structures 3 , particle-reinforced polymers 4 and electrodes in electro-chemical energy storage 5. Many established classification technologies suffer from insufficient selectivity or throughput in this size range. For instance sieving, which is a common tool in industrial separation, comes only close to this size range when performed as wet technique 6. When starting from a dry powder, wet sieving could lead to agglomeration and material property changes and would additionally require an uneconomical drying step following the classification. Deflection wheel classifiers exhibit a significant loss in sharpness of cut and throughput in this particle size range 7. Electrophoretic mobility classification relies on the defined charging of the particles, and thus particle-size-dependent charge probability distributions. Hence, particle size is not directly measured but merely the electrophoretic mobility distribution of the particles. A standard inversion procedure exists to back-calculate size distribution from electrophoretic mobility measurements. Nevertheless, exact particle size classification is not possible with this technique because particles of different size may have the same electrophoretic mobility due to their charge. A comprehensive survey concerning charging of airborne particles is given for example by Friedlander 8 , chapter 2. In this manuscript we outline the behaviour of a particle-charge-independent...

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Numerical Investigation of Sheath and Aerosol Flows in the Flow Combination Section of a Baron Fiber Classifier

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Direct Comparison of Immersion and Cold-Plate Based Cooling for Automotive Li-Ion Battery Modules

Direct Comparison of Immersion and Cold-Plate Based Cooling for Automotive Li-Ion Battery Modules

A review of dielectrophoretic separation and classification of non‐biological particles

Aerosol classification by dielectrophoresis: a theoretical study on spherical particles

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