Numerical investigation of side arm gas volume fraction in two phase T-junction

Abstract

T-junction is commonly installed at the offshore production header as a separator to tap produced gas for downstream process operation. A major issue in the T-junction is the liquid carryover, where excessive liquid flows into the downstream process equipment causing the platform to trip. The primary objective of the present study is to determine the effect of ratio of side arm to main arm diameters on passive separation performance in T-junction. The analysis was carried out using Eulerian Multiphase model from ANSYS Fluent 16.1. The boundary conditions chosen for the inlet and two outlets of the T-junction were velocity inlet and volume fraction outlet flow, respectively. Likewise, pressure velocity coupling was achieved by using SIMPLE coupling scheme. Three different side to main arm diameter ratio and side to main arm length ratio of 0.2, 0.6, and 1.0 were investigated, with different gas velocities variation and inlet gas saturation. Investigation found that the gas volume fraction in the side arm cannot go beyond 90% irrespective of the variation of parameters such as gas to liquid velocity ratio, diameter ratio, length ratio, and mass split ratio. It was found that the amount of gas exiting through the side arm decreases by decreasing the initial gas saturation and gas to liquid velocity ratio. However, by decreasing the mass split ratio, more gas ends up in side arm. Likewise, in terms of geometrical aspects, increasing the T-junction diameter ratio and reducing the length ratio causes an increase in extraction of gas into side arm. It was also noticed that the highest fraction of gas in side arm was achieved when the diameter ratio was 0.6. Therefore, it can be said that maximum amount of gas can be received in side arm when diameter ratio is around 0.6, initial gas saturation and velocity ratio are high, and mass split ratio is small. This paper discusses some of the most important parameters that are involved in partial phase separation in a T-junction. In order to have a more overall insight of the phase separation phenomena, it is required to explore the effects of inlet and outlet pressures, surface roughness of the pipe interior, angle between side and run arm, curvature radius at the junction, and the viscosity of the operating fluids.

Numerical simulation of two-phase separation in T-junction with experimental validation

“…Table 1 shows the base case setup for validation and also a range of variables in a further investigation. Apart from 1.0 diameter ratio, 0.6 was chosen because it gives highest air fraction in the side arm [19]. Wall boundary conditions were set to be smooth (no-slip condition), which means velocity at the wall has zero tangential component.…”

Effect of airfoil distance to water surface on static stall

“…If the volume of flow is F = 0, the cell is filled with air and if F = 1, the cell is filled with water. Also, cells with values of 0 < F <1 are cells that contain some water and some air (F is mass flux) [17][18][19][20].…”

Effect of Diameter Ratio and Inclination Angle on Air-Water Separation Occurred at a Small Diameter T-Junction

“…Apart from side to main arm diameter ratio, both inclination angle and orientation of the T-junction branch affects the forces govern the separation phenomenon which are the inertial, the centripetal, and the gravitational forces as stated by Hong [8]. For example, the gravitational force in case of an upward inclined branch assists the deterioration of the liquid carryover emerge on that branch compared to the liquid carryover drawn off in case of a downward oriented T-junction branch [13].…”