Numerical Investigations of Ground Effect of a Quadcopter

Yonezawa, Koichi; Akiba, Kazuto; Líu, Hao; Sugawara, Hideaki; Tanabe, Yoshinori; Tokutake, Hiroshi; Sunada, Shigeru

doi:10.1007/978-981-19-2689-1_57

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…Comprehending the principles of multi-rotor ground effects necessitates visualization studies of the flow field. Yonezawa [21] conducted numerical studies on quadrotors of varying configurations, revealing that reducing rotor distance fosters a more pronounced outwash region between rotors, thus intensifying the ground effect. However, instances of thrust loss in the multi-rotor ground effect have also been documented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground Effect on the Thrust Performance of Staggered Rotor System

Zhu,

Wei,

Nie

et al. 2024

Drones

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In this study, the thrust performance of a staggered rotor system in-ground effect (IGE) and out-of-ground effect (OGE) while considering the interaction on wake characteristics were investigated experimentally. A thorough comprehension of their performance holds significant importance for trajectory planning, aircraft design, landing safety, and energy-efficient landings. The complex interactions within staggered rotor systems and the impact of ground effects make rotor distance and ground interactions critical factors influencing near-ground flight performance. The study investigated the influence and enhancements of rotor thrust performance through an examination of rotor speed, lateral distance, and altitude. Experimental tests were conducted on two small-scale rotor models to assess the effects of these parameters. These experiments compared the performance of staggered rotor systems with isolated rotors, analyzing the competition mechanism between the thrust loss caused by interference and the thrust gain of rotors IGE. Furthermore, emphasis was placed on analyzing the thrust gain issues exhibited by staggered rotor systems under the condition of H = 2R. Additionally, the analysis was focused on identifying prominent relative positions for thrust performance and parameters for improving thrust performance in ground effects in staggered rotor systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground Effect on the Thrust Performance of Staggered Rotor System

Zhu,

Wei,

Nie

et al. 2024

Drones

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Volumetric wake investigation of a free-flying quadcopter using Shake-The-Box Lagrangian particle tracking

Wolf,

Schanz,

Schwarz

et al. 2024

Exp Fluids

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The Shake-The-Box technique was applied to experimentally quantify the time-resolved volumetric flow field around a free-flying quadcopter UAV with an overall span of about 0.5 m. State-of-the-art LED illumination and high-speed camera equipment was combined with modern Lagrangian tracer particle tracking and data assimilation techniques, facilitating a measurement volume larger than $${1.5}\,{\hbox {m}^3}$$ 1.5 m 3 . The setup allowed for both hover and limited maneuvering of the quadcopter, while resolving even small details of the complex interactional aerodynamics. In hover out of ground effect, the four individual rotor wakes merged into a single jet within a few rotor radii below the rotor planes. Evaluating the mass and momentum fluxes over suitable control volumes yields accurate estimates for the quadcopter’s total thrust, the asymmetric thrust distribution between front and back rotors, and the entrainment of external flow through turbulent mixing. Hover in ground effect decreases the power requirement and induces recirculating flow in the center of the four rotors. The outwash pattern is non-uniform with jets developing between the rotors and pointing in radially outward directions. Forward flight cases result in a skewed, rapidly merging wake flanked by the roll-up of two “supervortices” similar to the wingtip vortices of fixed-wing vehicles.

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Numerical Investigations of Ground Effect of a Quadcopter

Cited by 2 publications

References 4 publications

Ground Effect on the Thrust Performance of Staggered Rotor System

Ground Effect on the Thrust Performance of Staggered Rotor System

Volumetric wake investigation of a free-flying quadcopter using Shake-The-Box Lagrangian particle tracking

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