“…Thin plates are widely employed as basic structural components in engineering fields [Ventsel and Krauthammer (2001)], which combines light weight, efficient load-carrying capacity, economy with technological effectiveness. Their mechanical behaviours have long been studied by various methods such as finite element method [Bathe (2006); Hughes (2012); Zhuang, Huang, Zhu et al (2013)], boundary element method [Katsikadelis (2016); Brebbia and Walker (2016)], meshfree method [Nguyen, Rabczuk, Bordas et al (2008)], isogeometric analysis [Nguyen, Anitescu, Bordas et al (2015)], and numerical manifold method [Zheng, Liu and Ge (2013); Guo and Zheng (2018); Guo, Zheng and Zhuang (2019)]. The Kirchhoff bending problem is a classical fourth-order problem, its mechanical behaviour is described by fourth-order partial differential equation which poses difficulties to construct a shape function to be globally C 1 continuous but piecewise C 2 continuous, namely, H 2 regular, for those mesh-based numerical method.…”