Numerical model of deep venous thrombosis detection using venous occlusion strain gauge plethysmography

Abstract

Strain gauge plethysmography (SGP) is a non-invasive method used in the detection of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). The technique is based on the measurement of calf volume changes in response to venous occlusion by a thigh cuff, the volume changes reflecting the rates of arterial inflow and venous outflow. A numerical model of the blood circulation within the limb and the response of this to a SGP test has been derived, based on treating the different parts of the circulatory system in the leg as resistance and capacitance elements. The simulation results were compared with clinical studies and support the ability of SGP to detect non-occlusive clots of more than 50-60% of the lumen, as well detecting calf vein occlusion. The non-linear behaviour of the venous compliance with intra-luminal pressure appears to be a particularly important factor within the model. In addition, increases in venous tone due to post-operative venospasm were shown to be a potential source of false positive results.

Greater forearm venous compliance in resistance-trained men

“…Furthermore, venous compliance is reduced with advancing age , which may be one of the risk factors for varicose veins and deep vein thrombosis. Indeed, previous studies have indicated that aging induces an increase in the incidence of venous thromboembolism (Glynn et al 2007;Glynn and Rosner 2005) and that venous compliance was related to blood clot length or stenosis (Turner et al 2000). On the other hand, the intrinsic function of venous compliance is to accept blood.…”

“…Indeed, greater venous compliance is associated with intolerance during orthostatic stress (Olsen and Lanne 1998). In contrast, venous compliance was negatively related to venous thromboembolism, suggesting that decreased venous compliance may reflect status of venous thromboembolism, such as varicose veins and deep vein thrombosis (Turner et al 2000). Previous studies indicated that the reduction in venous compliance was preserved to a greater extent in endurance-trained men than in their sedentary peers (Hernandez and Franke 2004;Monahan et al 2001), suggesting that habitual endurance training may reduce the tolerance response to orthostatic challenge and decrease risk of venous diseases.…”

Clinical policy: Critical issues in the evaluation and management of adult patients presenting with suspected lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis

“…Some areas considered for discussion but not included in this policy were utilization of lowmolecular-weight heparin, [13][14][15][16] effectiveness of aspirin in DVT prophylaxis, 17 indications for vena cava filter placement, 18 risk factors for predicting reoccurrence, 19 computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) venography, [20][21][22][23] nuclear venography, [24][25][26] impedance plethysmography, [27][28][29][30] and strain gauge plethysmography. [31][32][33] This policy is also nondirective on proposed management algorithms for the evaluation and treatment of patients with suspected DVT, as well as on how to deal with conflicting test results. 34 These areas represent topics that ACEP may address in future updates of this current policy.…”

Preliminary Study on Mathematical Modeling for the Shape Design of Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Pulmonary Valved Conduit

“…There were several approaches for quantitative description of the mechanical interactions in heart valve motion or vascular vessel stresses [1][2][3][4][5][6]. In vivo or in vitro parameter identi cation by inverse analyses is generally performed for evaluating the mechanical stress in a limited number of series of hemodynamic data.…”