Numerical Modeling and Analysis of Strengthened Steel–Concrete Composite Beams in Sagging and Hogging Moment Regions

El‐Zohairy, Ayman; Mustafa, Suzan; Shaaban, Hesham; Salim, Hani; Allawi, Abbas A.

doi:10.3390/civileng4020028

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…An appropriate mesh size was selected to ensure accurate results. The static Riks method was followed to analyze the model [8,13,[16][17][18]. The Riks method is a powerful tool for predicting the buckling behavior of structures, as it accounts for large deformations and nonlinear material behavior.…”

Section: A Steel Beam Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prestress strands were adopted on steel beams with different expanding web ratios and 48% opening ratio as shown in Figures 12-14. Accordingly, the first numerical type (B1 NUM) has a smaller opening width (80 mm) and a higher hole number (18) and the second numerical type (B2 NUM) has a larger opening width (16 0mm) and a smaller hole number (9).…”

Section: B Second Casementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Expansion Ratio, Opening Size, and Prestress Strand on the Flexural Behavior of Steel Beams with Expanded Web using FEA

Ahmed,

Said

2024

Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci. Res.

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The expanded web depth of steel beams leads to improved strength and stiffness. In some design scenarios, such as cellular, castellated, or expanded steel beams, increasing the depth of the web improves the strength and performance of the steel beam. The expanded web of steel beams can be accomplished by creating a horizontal cutting in the web and then adding a plate between the two web section halves, which are called spacer plates. This method leads to improved stiffness and strength. Numerical models have been developed to accurately predict the properties of these beams. This study investigates the use of incremental plates to increase the depth of hot-rolled wide-flange steel beams. The experimental results were validated first with the Finite Element (FE) numerical model created by ABAQUS software, and then Finite Element Analysis (FEA) methods were used to create and analyze new numerical models by considering parameters that provided more models at a lower cost. The load-mid-span deflection curve behavior of both models (experimental and theoretical) was similar. Also, the load-deflection behavior of steel beams with two types of openings was studied. For the first type of opening (B1 NUM), with a smaller opening width of 30 mm and a higher hole number (24), the ultimate load increased by 53%, 111%, and 184%, the deflection at 0.95 Pu increased by 160%, 293%, and 81% of beams with ratio 150%, 200%, and 250% compared with the reference beam. For the second type of opening (B2 NUM), with a larger opening width of 60 mm and smaller hole number (12), the ultimate load capacity increased by 51%, 147%, and 177%, for beams with a ratio of 150%, 200%, and 250%, compared with the reference beam. The deflection at 0.95 Pu increased by 46% and 15% for beams with a ratio of 150%, and 200%, and decreased by 8% for beams with a ratio of 250%. Accordingly, for the first type of opening, the expanded ratios of 150% and 200% performed best with a reduction of only 1%-12% in the ultimate load capacity. However, for the second type of opening, the beam with a ratio of 250% performed better than the first type. Using prestress strands may highly improve steel beams' performance with the expanded webs containing openings by creating a stronger section that can withstand higher loads and exhibit improved structural performance, especially from beams with a ratio of 150%.

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Section: A Steel Beam Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Second Casementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Expansion Ratio, Opening Size, and Prestress Strand on the Flexural Behavior of Steel Beams with Expanded Web using FEA

Ahmed,

Said

2024

Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci. Res.

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Optimized Transverse–Longitudinal Hybrid Construction for Sustainable Design of Welded Steel Plate Girders

Negrin,

Kripka,

Yepes

2024

Advances in Civil Engineering

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I-section girders with different types of steel in the flanges and web (fyf > fyw, respectively) are known as transverse hybrid girders. These have proven to be more economical than their homogeneous counterparts. However, the use of hybrid configurations in the longitudinal direction of the element has yet to be studied. This paper uses optimization techniques to explore the possibility of constructing transverse and longitudinally hybrid (TLH) steel girders. The optimization objective is to minimize the manufacturing cost, including seven activities besides the material cost. The geometrically double symmetric I-girder design subjected to a uniform transverse load is performed using Eurocode 3 specifications. Nine case studies are implemented, varying the element span (L) and the applied load. The results show that establishing various configurations along the length of the element is beneficial. The optimum number of transition points is six, meaning the girder will have four configurations, i.e., one central and three others symmetrically distributed toward each half of the element. The optimum position for the first transition would be at 0.24∗(L/2), the second at 0.40∗(L/2), and the third at 0.60∗(L/2). The optimum extreme configuration is usually homogeneous (fyf = fyw = 235 MPa). The others increase the steel quality in the plates, maintaining hybrid arrangements to reach the central one that usually remains with S700 steel for the flanges and S355 for the web. The study shows that TLH configurations are more effective for elements with larger spans. By applying the formulated design recommendations in a different case study, the manufacturing cost dropped by over 50% compared to the traditionally designed element and by more than 10% relative to the optimized element with a homogeneous configuration. The study’s limitations and encouraging results suggest future lines of research in this area.

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Numerical Modeling and Analysis of Strengthened Steel–Concrete Composite Beams in Sagging and Hogging Moment Regions

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

The Effect of Expansion Ratio, Opening Size, and Prestress Strand on the Flexural Behavior of Steel Beams with Expanded Web using FEA

The Effect of Expansion Ratio, Opening Size, and Prestress Strand on the Flexural Behavior of Steel Beams with Expanded Web using FEA

Optimized Transverse–Longitudinal Hybrid Construction for Sustainable Design of Welded Steel Plate Girders

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