Numerical Modeling and Experimental Study of Combustion and Soot Formation in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine

Chan, Tat Leung; Cheng, Xiaobei

doi:10.1021/ef0605201

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The significant decrease in PM emissions with increasing biodiesel fuel fraction is almost universally reported in literature. 3,14,15,24 There are various reasons to explain such a trend; for instance (1) the oxygen content of a biodiesel molecule which enables a more complete combustion, Figure 11. O 2 content: black diamonds, diesel fuel; blue squares, B20; red, triangles, B40.…”

Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion and Emissions Characterization of Biodiesel Blends in a City-Car Engine

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increasing attention has been devoted to the use of biodiesel fuel in internal combustion diesel engine due to its positive attributes as compared to the other types of fuel: e.g., being a renewable source, non-petroleum-based, with lower carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, and particulate matter emissions. This work investigates the performance and the air emission of a small displacement engine fueled with blends of distilled biodiesel (from this point forward biodiesel only) and ultralow-sulfur diesel fuel up to 40% by volume. The considered engine plays a leading role in city cars and urban vehicles; the urban congestion and the antipollution regulations for urban vehicles make this kind of engine very attractive in the near future, especially if it will be fueled with biodiesel blends for their potential of reducing the pollutant emissions in urban areas. The first part of this work aims at comparing the results obtained with biodiesel blends and those determined using diesel fuel as a reference under various operating regimes without any modification to the injection process. The impact of biodiesel blend fuels on the engine's power, specific fuel consumption, and emissions is analyzed. The second part of this work aims at investigating the influence of a variation of the injection parameters on the performance and emissions of the engine using biodiesel blends (20% and 40%). Five engine operation modes are considered, in which the engine is tested with split injection (preinjection and main injection) and various preinjection and main injection timings and durations. ■ INTRODUCTIONThe continuous tightening of regulations on engine exhaust emissions has led to new solutions capable of reducing nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and particulate matter (PM) and also limiting fuel consumption and related costs.It is well-known that performance and emission characteristics are strongly governed by injector design that has a key role in the atomization and spray development. 1,2 A number of researchers have investigated the effects of the injection parameter settings on diesel engine performance and emission characteristics. 3−6 According to these authors, NO x emissions are affected by injection timing and pressure. The increase of pressure and the advanced injection timing cause the gas temperatures to rise during the combustion process. A more homogeneous mixture is therefore realized, with an increase of NO x emissions due to the kinetic constants and oxygen concentration of the Zeldovich mechanism. Soot formation is enhanced by heterogeneous fuel/air mixtures and fuel droplets size. The increase of injection pressure and the advanced injection timing determines a decrease of soot emission. 7 In order to reduce harmful diesel engine emissions, considerable attention has been devoted to the investigation of the impact of fuel composition on diesel emissions.Numerous types of fuels have been alternatively proposed, and many studies have demonstrated the suitability of renewable nature fuels made from agricultural products to b...

show abstract

Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion and Emissions Characterization of Biodiesel Blends in a City-Car Engine

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Modeling the flow behavior inside the combustion chamber using different numerical method is an important issue in the physical (aerospace and mechanical engineering) and mathematical (algebra and numerical methods of complex and bluff‐body) [1–28] contexts. Current problem concerns with a steady‐state two‐dimensional reaction between fuel and oxygen that enters from two different parallel locations openings (inlets) through combustion process that was modeled by coupled flow field and mass distribution subjected to the influence of a local discrete vortex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although coupled to mass (fraction) concentrations difference ( m ) that expressed in Equation () and appropriate to Refs. [4–9] that are also varying in the two‐dimensional medium (although the used different coordinates system). Also, boundary conditions that are suitable to the mass concentration and stream function appear in Equation () presented in Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Numerical conformal mapping method vs. geometrical separation attitude: Combustion motor chamber internal flow simulation

Nagler

2020

Z Angew Math Mech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper describes the numerical solution of flow analysis in a two‐dimensional combustion chamber with two parallel inlets aided for propellants entrance, addressing a number of different problems that depend on each other: the flow affected by a discrete point in‐cell vortex, the velocity affected by the flow regime in the cell, and the combustion problem affected by the oxygen and fuel entries from the cell walls. The shape geometry of the combustion chamber is made from a square section connected with a semi‐circular one. The mathematical model of the problem consists of an inhomogeneous stream function Laplace equation coupled to partial differential mass conservation equation subjected to a wall non‐intrusion condition and known mass values in the wall openings. Algebraic conformal mapping transformation has been used for modeling the complex cell geometry. The solution was obtained by using the iterative Gauss–Seidel method for both the current function and the mass calculation. Comparison with another modeling method for calibration purpose was performed; considering each geometrical component separately whereas continuous conditions were applied between the two sections. The grid types are: (1) a uniform grid in Cartesian coordinates in the square part, and (2) a uniform circular grid in polar coordinates. It was found that different initial guesses have not effect on the final solution, but an informed initial guess affects the solution time convergence iterations number to solve the problem. Finally, the effect of the mixing vortex on the location of the flame front in the chamber was investigated.

show abstract

“…Turbulent flows with complex aerosol dynamics of polydispersed particles are encountered in many scientific and engineering problems. Examples mainly include the exhaust particle formation and evolution in the wake of the studied ground vehicle (Chan et al 2010), the dynamics and dispersion of nanoparticles in urban atmospheric environment (Yu et al 2009;Kumar et al 2011), the nanoparticle synthesis in turbulent reacting flows (Yu et al 2008;Akroyd et al 2011), and the formation of soot particles in combustion engines (Chan and Cheng 2007;Cenker et al 2013;Pang et al 2016). Particles involved in the aerosol processes are characterized by a polydispersed particle size distribution (PSD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A coupled CFD-Monte Carlo method for simulating complex aerosol dynamics in turbulent flows

Liu

Chan

2016

Aerosol Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A coupled computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-Monte Carlo method is presented to simulate complex aerosol dynamics in turbulent flows. A Lagrangian particle method-based probability density function (PDF) transport equation is formulated to solve the population balance equation (PBE) of aerosol particles. The formulated CFD-Monte Carlo method allows investigating the interaction between turbulence and aerosol dynamics and incorporating individual aerosol dynamic kernels as well as obtaining full particle size distribution (PSD). Several typical cases of aerosol dynamic processes including turbulent coagulation, nucleation and growth are studied and compared to the sectional method with excellent agreement. Coagulation in both laminar and turbulent flows is simulated and compared to demonstrate the effect of turbulence on aerosol dynamics. The effect of jet Reynolds (Re j) number on aerosol dynamics in turbulent flows is fully investigated for each of the studied cases. The results demonstrate that Re j number has significant impact on a single aerosol dynamic process (e.g., coagulation) and the simultaneous competitive aerosol dynamic processes in turbulent flows. This newly modified CFD-Monte Carlo/PDF method renders an efficient method for simulating complex aerosol dynamics in turbulent flows and provides a better insight into the interactions between turbulence and the full PSD of aerosol particles.

show abstract

Numerical Modeling and Experimental Study of Combustion and Soot Formation in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

Combustion and Emissions Characterization of Biodiesel Blends in a City-Car Engine

Combustion and Emissions Characterization of Biodiesel Blends in a City-Car Engine

Numerical conformal mapping method vs. geometrical separation attitude: Combustion motor chamber internal flow simulation

A coupled CFD-Monte Carlo method for simulating complex aerosol dynamics in turbulent flows

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About