Numerical Modeling of Aerosol Transport and Dynamics

Rajagopal, P; Joshi, Manish; Shinde, Janki; Anand, S.; Runchal, Akshai K.; Sapra, B.K.; Mayya, Y. S.; Rao, Madhukar M.

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-7473-8_14

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…More details about the aerosol modules, numerical scheme, and validations (analytical, numerical, and experimental) can be found elsewhere. 42 − 44…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CFD framework of this code has been coupled to the modules written for aerosol transport and dynamics by our research group as shown below. 42…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For all simulations in this study, the RANS-type standard k -epsilon turbulence model is used for closure. The CFD framework of this code has been coupled to the modules written for aerosol transport and dynamics by our research group as shown below. − where d p and d’ p are particle diameters; n ( d p , r, t ) is the spatially ( r ) and temporally ( t ) varying number concentration distribution function for particle diameter d p ; U is the gas phase velocity; D is the particle diffusivity; K is the collision frequency between particles of different sizes; S is the source term arising from nucleation and direct emission; λ is the decay rate of the species; and U drift is the total drift velocity of the aerosol particles due to various mechanisms like gravitational settling, thermophoresis, etc. Equation is a partial integro-differential equation, where the integrals on the right-hand side are terms for the (a) formation of new particles from collision of existing particles and (b) depletion of an existing particle by collision with another particle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

CFD Simulation of the Airborne Transmission of COVID-19 Vectors Emitted during Respiratory Mechanisms: Revisiting the Concept of Safe Distance

Mariam

Magar²,

Joshi

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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The airborne transmission of the COVID-19 virus has been suggested as a major mode of transmission in recent studies. In this context, we studied the spatial transmission of COVID-19 vectors in an indoor setting representative of a typical office room. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed to study the airborne dispersion of particles ejected due to different respiratory mechanisms, i.e., coughing, sneezing, normal talking, and loud talking. Number concentration profiles at a distance of 2 m in front of the emitter at the ventilation rates of 4, 6, and 8 air changes per hour (ACH) were estimated for different combinations of inlet–outlet positions and emitter–receptor configurations. Apart from respiratory events, viz., coughing and sneezing characterized by higher velocity and concentration of ejected particles, normal as well as loud talking was seen to be carrying particles to the receptor for some airflow patterns in the room. This study indicates that the ″rule of thumb based safe distance approach″ cannot be a general mitigation strategy for infection control. Under some scenarios, events with a lower release rate of droplets such as talking (i.e., asymptomatic transmission) can lead to a high concentration of particles persisting for long times. For better removal, the study suggests ″air curtains″ as an appropriate approach, simultaneously highlighting the pitfalls in the ″higher ventilation rate for better removal″ strategy. The inferences for talking-induced particle transmissions are crucial considering that large populations of COVID-19-infected persons are projected to be asymptomatic transmitters.

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“…More details about the aerosol modules, numerical scheme, and validations (analytical, numerical, and experimental) can be found elsewhere. 42 − 44…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CFD framework of this code has been coupled to the modules written for aerosol transport and dynamics by our research group as shown below. 42…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

CFD Simulation of the Airborne Transmission of COVID-19 Vectors Emitted during Respiratory Mechanisms: Revisiting the Concept of Safe Distance

Mariam

Magar²,

Joshi

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

Self Cite

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“…The rate of change of number density of kth aerosol size due to coagulation (S a,k,c ) can be calculated as [32] where β i,j is the collision frequency function, which is also called coagulation kernel and χ i,j,k is called size-splitting operator [32]. Fuchs kernel for the Brownian coagulation [33] incorporated in the code is given by v t, is the thermal velocity of the aerosol particle which is calculated assuming the aerosol particle to be a gas molecule with the same mass as that of aerosol particle using the following mathematical relation where m a is the mass of one aerosol particle. D bi and D bj are the Brownian diffusion coefficients and d i and d j are the diameters of ith and jth particles respectively.…”

Section: Coagulation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computational Fluid Dynamics code for aerosol and decay-product studies in indoor environments

Agarwal

Sahoo

Kumar

et al. 2021

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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In the present work, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code has been used to simulate the behaviour of aerosols and decay products of 222 Rn/ 220 Rn in indoor environments. The code has been incorporated with simulation modules describing relevant physical processes governing the aerosol and decay product dynamics such as particle deposition, gravitational settling, thermophoresis, coagulation and size dependent attachment of decay products to aerosol. Subsequently, reliability and consistency of the CFD code has been evaluated and validated by comparing simulated results with analytical and simulation results of well-known cases reported in literature. Comparison showed a good agreement within ± 3.5%.

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“…In an article, Soldati calculated the effect of turbulence and electrohydrodynamic flows on aerosol transport, and Zhang et al developed a model for deposition in a human oral airway and microparticle transport. Rajagopal et al utilized numerical methods to analyze the aerosol transport problem in integral system by coupling computational fluid dynamics and aerosol dynamic equation. Vignati et al have developed a model of the aerosol microscopic module for large scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study and analysis of a two‐dimensional nonconservative fractional order aerosol transport equation

Singh

Chopra

2019

Math Methods in App Sciences

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The shifted Legendre collocation method is used to solve the two‐dimensional fractional order aerosol equation with initial and boundary conditions. The solution profile of the equation is presented graphically for different cases. The important feature of the article is graphical exhibitions of the effect of the size of the aerosol particles and also the temporal derivative on the solution profile. The salient feature of the article is the demonstration of lower variation of mass concentration with the change in time level in fractional order systems than that in integer order system. A drive has been taken towards the tabular and pictorial presentations of a comparison of the numerical solution of our proposed method with an analytical solution of an existing problem through error analysis which conforms super‐linearly convergence rate of the proposed method to validate its efficiency and effectiveness.

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Numerical Modeling of Aerosol Transport and Dynamics

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

CFD Simulation of the Airborne Transmission of COVID-19 Vectors Emitted during Respiratory Mechanisms: Revisiting the Concept of Safe Distance

CFD Simulation of the Airborne Transmission of COVID-19 Vectors Emitted during Respiratory Mechanisms: Revisiting the Concept of Safe Distance

A Computational Fluid Dynamics code for aerosol and decay-product studies in indoor environments

Study and analysis of a two‐dimensional nonconservative fractional order aerosol transport equation

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