Numerical Modeling of Explosives and Propellants

Mader, Charles L.

doi:10.1201/9781420052398

Cited by 214 publications

(300 citation statements)

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“…The model is shown in Fig.3, in which TNT explosive is used the High Explosive Burn Model, and the equation form of DP is the JWL shown as Eq.1, the basic detonation performance of TNT and the JWL parameters of DP are obtained by the thermodynamic calculation of VHL [4] and BKW [5], and the calculation results are shown in Table1.…”

Section: Numerical Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equation of state of detonation products for TNT by aquarium experiment

Han¹,

Xie²,

Jiang³

et al. 2018

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Section: Numerical Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equation of state of detonation products for TNT by aquarium experiment

Han¹,

Xie²,

Jiang³

et al. 2018

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…[2] This approach has been remarkably successful in describing detonation phenomena at length scales for which the empirical burn models and equations of state have been "trained." However, a number of important situations require more sophisticated physical descriptions, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the 1-dimensional "Zel'dovichvon Neumann-Döring" (ZND) model of a steady state detonation in an ideal solid explosive, [1,2] the chemical reactions sustaining the detonation wave occur in a finite-thickness "reaction zone" following a strong shock front. For simple organic explosives, such as pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), the extreme high temperature and pressure conditions allow these reactions to proceed rapidly to completion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benchtop energetics progress

Fajardo¹,

Fossum²,

Molek³

et al. 2012

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract.We have constructed an apparatus for investigating the reactive chemical dynamics of mgscale energetic materials samples. We seek to advance the understanding of the reaction kinetics of energetic materials, and of the chemical influences on energetic materials sensitivity. We employ direct laser irradiation, and indirect laser-driven shock, techniques to initiate thin-film explosive samples contained in a high-vacuum chamber. Expansion of the reacting flow into vacuum quenches the chemistry and preserves reaction intermediates for interrogation via time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS). By rastering the sample coupon through the fixed laser beam focus, we generate hundreds of repetitive energetic events in a few minutes. A detonation wave passing through an organic explosive, such as pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN, C 5 H 8 N 4 O 12 ), is remarkably efficient in converting the solid explosive into final thermodynamically-stable gaseous products (e.g. N 2 , CO, CO 2 , H 2 O…). Termination of a detonation at an explosive-to-vacuum interface produces an expanding pulse of hyperthermal molecular species, with leading-edge velocities ~ 10 km/s. In contrast, deflagration (subsonic combustion) of PETN in vacuum produces mostly reaction intermediates, such as NO and NO 2 , with much slower molecular velocities; consistent with expansion-quenched thermal decomposition of PETN. We propose to exploit these differences in product chemical identities and molecular species velocities to provide a chemically-based diagnostic for distinguishing between "detonation-like" and deflagration events. We report recent progress towards the quantitative detection of hyperthermal neutral species produced by direct laser ablation of aluminum metal and of organic energetic materials, as a step towards demonstrating the ability to discriminate slow reaction intermediates from fast thermodynamically-stable final products.

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“…Since detonation velocity can be measured to within a few percent, at various charge diameters, the measured data can be extrapolated to an infinite diameter for comparison with steady state calculations [6,7]. Thermochemical equilibrium codes such as CHEETAH [8] and Explo5 [9], with different equations of states such as the exponential-6 potential [10], Becker-Kistiakosky-Wilson (BKW-EOS) [11] and its three different parameterizations [8,11,12], i.e. the BKWC-EOS, BKWS-EOS and BKWR-EOS, as well as empirical methods [3] and related computer codes such as LOTUSES [13] and EDPHT [14], can be used to determine the detonation velocity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved Simple Method for the Calculation of the Detonation Performance of CHNOFCl, Aluminized and Ammonium Nitrate Explosives

Keshavarz

Kamalvand

Jafari

et al. 2016

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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An improved simple method is presented for calculation of the detonation velocity of CHNO and CHNOFCl explosives, as well as non-ideal explosives containing aluminum (Al) and ammonium nitrate (AN) additives. In contrast to the available complex computer codes, where the estimated detonation velocities of non-ideal explosives for equilibrium and steady state calculations show significant differences from the measured data, this simple method gives more reliable results. Suitable decomposition paths are suggested in which the partial interaction of Al with the gaseous products and the decomposition of AN are assumed for composite explosives containing Al/AN additives. The predicted detonation velocities using the new method are good compared to those from one of the well-known empirical methods and from computer codes using full and partial equilibrium of Al/AN.

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Numerical Modeling of Explosives and Propellants

Cited by 214 publications

References 0 publications

Equation of state of detonation products for TNT by aquarium experiment

Equation of state of detonation products for TNT by aquarium experiment

Benchtop energetics progress

An Improved Simple Method for the Calculation of the Detonation Performance of CHNOFCl, Aluminized and Ammonium Nitrate Explosives

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